[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":461},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:trs-total-reduced-sulphur":45,"glossary-related:trs-total-reduced-sulphur":146},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":51,"category":127,"description":128,"extension":129,"meta":130,"navigation":131,"path":132,"relatedTerms":133,"seo":136,"sources":139,"stem":143,"term":144,"__hash__":145},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Ftrs-total-reduced-sulphur.md","Total Reduced Sulphur (TRS)",[49,50],"TRS","total reduced sulfur",{"type":52,"value":53,"toc":120},"minimark",[54,61,66,94,98,106,110],[55,56,57,60],"p",{},[58,59,47],"strong",{}," is the aggregate emissions metric that adds up the reduced-sulphur compounds released from kraft pulping — hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), methyl mercaptan (CH₃SH), dimethyl sulphide ((CH₃)₂S) and dimethyl disulphide ((CH₃)₂S₂). TRS is the signature emissions-and-odour metric regulated for kraft mills under most jurisdictions' permit conditions.",[62,63,65],"h2",{"id":64},"sources-of-trs","Sources of TRS",[67,68,69,78,85,88,91],"ul",{},[70,71,72,77],"li",{},[73,74,76],"a",{"href":75},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frecovery-boiler","Recovery boiler"," flue gas (during upsets or poor combustion)",[70,79,80,84],{},[73,81,83],{"href":82},"\u002Fglossary\u002Flime-kiln","Lime kiln"," flue gas",[70,86,87],{},"Brown stock washers and diffusers",[70,89,90],{},"Black-liquor evaporators",[70,92,93],{},"Smelt-dissolving-tank vent",[62,95,97],{"id":96},"cleaning-relevance","Cleaning relevance",[55,99,100,101,105],{},"TRS is fundamentally a combustion-control and operating-discipline problem, not a cleaning problem. However, well-cleaned recovery boilers and lime kilns operate more stably and produce lower TRS excursions during transient operation. Continuous ",[73,102,104],{"href":103},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","sonic-horn"," cleaning indirectly supports TRS compliance by preserving stable boiler operation.",[62,107,109],{"id":108},"related-terms","Related terms",[67,111,112,116],{},[70,113,114],{},[73,115,76],{"href":75},[70,117,118],{},[73,119,83],{"href":82},{"title":121,"searchDepth":122,"depth":122,"links":123},"",2,[124,125,126],{"id":64,"depth":122,"text":65},{"id":96,"depth":122,"text":97},{"id":108,"depth":122,"text":109},"pulp-paper","Total Reduced Sulphur (TRS) is the aggregate emissions metric that adds up the reduced-sulphur compounds released from kraft pulping — hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), methyl mercaptan (CH₃SH), dimethyl sulphide ((CH₃)₂S) and dimethyl disulphide ((CH₃)₂S₂). TRS is the signature emissions-and-odour metric regulated for kraft mills under most jurisdictions' permit conditions.","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Ftrs-total-reduced-sulphur",[134,135],"recovery-boiler","lime-kiln",{"title":137,"description":138},"Total Reduced Sulphur (TRS) — odour and emissions metric for kraft mills","TRS aggregates hydrogen sulphide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulphide and dimethyl disulphide. The signature odour-and-emissions metric regulated for kraft pulp mills.",[140],{"title":141,"url":142},"Wikipedia — Kraft process","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKraft_process","glossary\u002Ftrs-total-reduced-sulphur","Total Reduced Sulphur","A5BoqFuN_3Z909fXtURpPj2l2_-NKzj9kTldfmTjNbk",[147,344],{"id":148,"title":76,"aliases":149,"body":153,"category":325,"description":326,"extension":129,"meta":327,"navigation":131,"path":75,"relatedTerms":328,"seo":332,"sources":335,"stem":342,"term":76,"__hash__":343},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Frecovery-boiler.md",[150,151,152],"kraft recovery boiler","black-liquor recovery boiler","BLRB",{"type":52,"value":154,"toc":319},[155,172,176,183,218,229,233,262,266,274,276],[55,156,157,158,161,162,165,166,168,169,171],{},"A ",[58,159,160],{},"recovery boiler"," (also ",[163,164,150],"em",{},", ",[163,167,151],{},", or ",[163,170,152],{},") is a unique industrial boiler at the centre of every kraft pulp mill. It burns concentrated black liquor — the spent cooking-chemicals stream — to generate steam, electrical power and to recover the sodium and sulphur compounds that re-enter the pulping cycle as smelt. Recovery boilers are large, complex, expensive and irreplaceable to mill operation.",[62,173,175],{"id":174},"the-iconic-sonic-horn-application","The iconic sonic-horn application",[55,177,178,179,182],{},"Recovery boilers are the iconic application for ",[73,180,181],{"href":103},"sonic horns",". Three features combine to make them so:",[67,184,185,201,212],{},[70,186,187,190,191,195,196,200],{},[58,188,189],{},"Sticky, alkali-rich ash"," — sodium-sulphate carry-over deposits aggressively on ",[73,192,194],{"href":193},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsuperheater","superheater"," and ",[73,197,199],{"href":198},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fgenerating-bank","generating-bank"," tubes",[70,202,203,206,207,211],{},[58,204,205],{},"Long-run-time targets"," — mills target 12–18 months between ",[73,208,210],{"href":209},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fchill-and-blow","chill-and-blow"," wash cycles, and every extra week of run time is worth tens of thousands of dollars",[70,213,214,217],{},[58,215,216],{},"Deep cavities"," — the superheater bundles are tall and bafflingly inaccessible to short-throw cleaning",[55,219,220,221,223,224,228],{},"Both conventional ",[73,222,181],{"href":103}," at 60–125 Hz and ",[73,225,227],{"href":226},"\u002Fglossary\u002Finfrasonic-cleaner","infrasonic cleaners"," below 30 Hz are deployed on recovery boilers. Major OEM aftermarket teams (ANDRITZ, Valmet, Babcock & Wilcox Vølund) all integrate acoustic cleaning into their service portfolios.",[62,230,232],{"id":231},"other-applications-inside-the-recovery-island","Other applications inside the recovery island",[67,234,235,241,247,256],{},[70,236,237,240],{},[58,238,239],{},"ESP hoppers"," — sodium-rich fly-ash bridging",[70,242,243,246],{},[58,244,245],{},"Economiser pluggage"," — salt-cake build-up on tube bundles",[70,248,249,252,253],{},[58,250,251],{},"Lime kiln preheater"," — see ",[73,254,255],{"href":82},"lime kiln",[70,257,258,261],{},[58,259,260],{},"Smelt dissolving tank"," vent stack — sodium-fume build-up",[62,263,265],{"id":264},"safety","Safety",[55,267,268,269,273],{},"Recovery-boiler operations are governed by ",[73,270,272],{"href":271},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fblrbac","BLRBAC"," Recommended Good Practices. Any cleaning intervention — including acoustic — is reviewed against BLRBAC water-side-incident and emergency-shutdown protocols.",[62,275,109],{"id":108},[67,277,278,284,289,294,300,305,309,314],{},[70,279,280],{},[73,281,283],{"href":282},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fboiler","Boiler",[70,285,286],{},[73,287,288],{"href":198},"Generating bank",[70,290,291],{},[73,292,293],{"href":193},"Superheater",[70,295,296],{},[73,297,299],{"href":298},"\u002Fglossary\u002Feconomiser","Economiser",[70,301,302],{},[73,303,304],{"href":209},"Chill-and-blow",[70,306,307],{},[73,308,272],{"href":271},[70,310,311],{},[73,312,313],{"href":103},"Sonic horn",[70,315,316],{},[73,317,318],{"href":226},"Infrasonic cleaner",{"title":121,"searchDepth":122,"depth":122,"links":320},[321,322,323,324],{"id":174,"depth":122,"text":175},{"id":231,"depth":122,"text":232},{"id":264,"depth":122,"text":265},{"id":108,"depth":122,"text":109},"boiler","A recovery boiler (also kraft recovery boiler, black-liquor recovery boiler, or BLRB) is a unique industrial boiler at the centre of every kraft pulp mill. It burns concentrated black liquor — the spent cooking-chemicals stream — to generate steam, electrical power and to recover the sodium and sulphur compounds that re-enter the pulping cycle as smelt. Recovery boilers are large, complex, expensive and irreplaceable to mill operation.",{},[325,199,194,329,210,330,104,331],"economiser","blrbac","infrasonic-cleaner",{"title":333,"description":334},"Recovery boiler — kraft pulp mill steam-and-chemicals plant","A recovery boiler burns kraft black liquor to generate steam, electrical power and recovered pulping chemicals. Iconic application for sonic horns on superheater cleaning.",[336,339],{"title":337,"url":338},"Wikipedia — Recovery boiler","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRecovery_boiler",{"title":340,"url":341},"BLRBAC — Recovery Boilers in Service","https:\u002F\u002Fblrbac.net\u002Frecovery-boilers-in-service\u002F","glossary\u002Frecovery-boiler","mXzBGZ7hSMEgl58wabmRAArKMR06mHldZvB1HJLRt0g",{"id":345,"title":83,"aliases":346,"body":350,"category":127,"description":448,"extension":129,"meta":449,"navigation":131,"path":82,"relatedTerms":450,"seo":452,"sources":455,"stem":459,"term":83,"__hash__":460},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Flime-kiln.md",[347,348,349],"kraft lime kiln","rotary lime kiln","lime recovery kiln",{"type":52,"value":351,"toc":442},[352,367,371,378,382,390,394,400,420,422],[55,353,157,354,356,357,361,362,366],{},[58,355,255],{}," at a kraft pulp mill calcines spent lime mud (CaCO₃) back to burnt lime (CaO) at ~1,200 °C for re-use in the ",[73,358,360],{"href":359},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frecausticising","recausticising"," chemical-recovery cycle. The kiln is a long inclined rotating cylinder, similar in form to a ",[73,363,365],{"href":364},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frotary-kiln","cement rotary kiln"," but smaller and lower-temperature.",[62,368,370],{"id":369},"preheater-and-chain-section","Preheater and chain section",[55,372,373,374,377],{},"Most modern lime kilns have a preheater (often a chain section inside the kiln itself or an external preheater) where incoming damp lime mud is pre-dried by exhaust gas. The chain section accumulates lime-mud build-up — ",[163,375,376],{},"mud rings"," — that progressively narrow the gas path and reduce kiln throughput.",[62,379,381],{"id":380},"lime-kiln-esp","Lime-kiln ESP",[55,383,384,385,389],{},"The flue gas exiting the kiln carries entrained lime dust, captured in a downstream ",[73,386,388],{"href":387},"\u002Fglossary\u002Felectrostatic-precipitator","ESP"," before the stack. The ESP hopper handles fine lime, which bridges easily.",[62,391,393],{"id":392},"cleaning","Cleaning",[55,395,396,399],{},[73,397,398],{"href":103},"Sonic horns"," are installed at three points on a typical lime-kiln gas-cleaning train:",[67,401,402,408,414],{},[70,403,404,407],{},[58,405,406],{},"Lime-kiln preheater \u002F chain section"," — prevent mud-ring formation",[70,409,410,413],{},[58,411,412],{},"Lime-kiln ESP hopper"," — prevent fine-lime bridging",[70,415,416,419],{},[58,417,418],{},"Stack adjacency"," — if vent fouling becomes problematic",[62,421,109],{"id":108},[67,423,424,429,433,438],{},[70,425,426],{},[73,427,428],{"href":359},"Recausticising",[70,430,431],{},[73,432,76],{"href":75},[70,434,435],{},[73,436,437],{"href":364},"Rotary kiln",[70,439,440],{},[73,441,313],{"href":103},{"title":121,"searchDepth":122,"depth":122,"links":443},[444,445,446,447],{"id":369,"depth":122,"text":370},{"id":380,"depth":122,"text":381},{"id":392,"depth":122,"text":393},{"id":108,"depth":122,"text":109},"A lime kiln at a kraft pulp mill calcines spent lime mud (CaCO₃) back to burnt lime (CaO) at ~1,200 °C for re-use in the recausticising chemical-recovery cycle. The kiln is a long inclined rotating cylinder, similar in form to a cement rotary kiln but smaller and lower-temperature.",{},[360,134,451,104],"rotary-kiln",{"title":453,"description":454},"Lime kiln — calcines lime mud back to burnt lime in the kraft chemical cycle","A lime kiln calcines spent lime mud back to burnt lime (CaO) for re-use in the kraft pulping chemical recovery cycle. Preheater chain section fouling is a recurring operational issue.",[456],{"title":457,"url":458},"Pulp & Paper Canada — TAPPI lime kiln guide","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.pulpandpapercanada.com\u002Ftappi-releases-lime-kiln-and-recausticizing-reference-guide\u002F","glossary\u002Flime-kiln","ORNW3CIwCuLywQAq2sTutCYomKMixgT2qQfcpkNkjI8",1782613749009]