[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":920},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:preheater-cyclone":45,"glossary-related:preheater-cyclone":242},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":52,"category":223,"description":224,"extension":225,"meta":226,"navigation":227,"path":228,"relatedTerms":229,"seo":233,"sources":236,"stem":240,"term":47,"__hash__":241},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-cyclone.md","Preheater cyclone",[49,50,51],"cement preheater cyclone","cyclone stage","preheater stage",{"type":53,"value":54,"toc":216},"minimark",[55,75,80,157,165,169,186,190],[56,57,58,59,63,64,69,70,74],"p",{},"A ",[60,61,62],"strong",{},"preheater cyclone"," is one cyclone stage of a ",[65,66,68],"a",{"href":67},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-tower","cement preheater tower",". A 5-stage tower has 5 cyclones in series, numbered from the top (stage 1, lowest temperature) to the bottom (stage 5, hottest, just above the ",[65,71,73],{"href":72},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fkiln-inlet-riser-duct","kiln inlet",").",[76,77,79],"h2",{"id":78},"stage-by-stage-fouling-profile","Stage-by-stage fouling profile",[81,82,83,99],"table",{},[84,85,86],"thead",{},[87,88,89,93,96],"tr",{},[90,91,92],"th",{},"Stage",[90,94,95],{},"Approximate gas temperature",[90,97,98],{},"Fouling intensity",[100,101,102,114,124,135,146],"tbody",{},[87,103,104,108,111],{},[105,106,107],"td",{},"Stage 1 (top)",[105,109,110],{},"300–350 °C",[105,112,113],{},"Low",[87,115,116,119,122],{},[105,117,118],{},"Stage 2",[105,120,121],{},"500–550 °C",[105,123,113],{},[87,125,126,129,132],{},[105,127,128],{},"Stage 3",[105,130,131],{},"600–650 °C",[105,133,134],{},"Moderate",[87,136,137,140,143],{},[105,138,139],{},"Stage 4",[105,141,142],{},"700–750 °C",[105,144,145],{},"High",[87,147,148,151,154],{},[105,149,150],{},"Stage 5 (bottom)",[105,152,153],{},"800–900 °C",[105,155,156],{},"Highest — chloride\u002Falkali condensation peak",[56,158,159,160,164],{},"Stage 4 and stage 5 cyclones are the dominant fouling problem in any cement-plant preheater. They sit in the temperature window where alkali sulphates and chlorides condense most aggressively, and they hold the ",[65,161,163],{"href":162},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcalciner","calciner"," gas-temperature profile that determines downstream meal preheat efficiency.",[76,166,168],{"id":167},"cleaning","Cleaning",[56,170,171,172,176,177,180,181,185],{},"A typical cement-preheater ",[65,173,175],{"href":174},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","sonic-horn"," installation places multiple horns on stage 4 and stage 5 cyclones, with additional horns on the ",[65,178,179],{"href":72},"kiln-inlet riser duct"," and the ",[65,182,184],{"href":183},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ftertiary-air-duct","tertiary air duct",". The continuous acoustic field prevents the cohesive coatings that cause cyclone pluggage.",[76,187,189],{"id":188},"related-terms","Related terms",[191,192,193,199,205,211],"ul",{},[194,195,196],"li",{},[65,197,198],{"href":67},"Preheater tower",[194,200,201],{},[65,202,204],{"href":203},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcyclone-separator","Cyclone separator",[194,206,207],{},[65,208,210],{"href":209},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbuild-up-coating-accretion","Build-up \u002F coating \u002F accretion",[194,212,213],{},[65,214,215],{"href":174},"Sonic horn",{"title":217,"searchDepth":218,"depth":218,"links":219},"",2,[220,221,222],{"id":78,"depth":218,"text":79},{"id":167,"depth":218,"text":168},{"id":188,"depth":218,"text":189},"cement","A preheater cyclone is one cyclone stage of a cement preheater tower. A 5-stage tower has 5 cyclones in series, numbered from the top (stage 1, lowest temperature) to the bottom (stage 5, hottest, just above the kiln inlet).","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-cyclone",[230,231,232,175],"preheater-tower","cyclone-separator","build-up-coating-accretion",{"title":234,"description":235},"Preheater cyclone — individual cyclone stage in a cement preheater tower","A preheater cyclone is one stage of a cement-plant preheater tower. Lower stages (stage 4-5) suffer the worst build-up and are the primary target for sonic-horn cleaning.",[237],{"title":238,"url":239},"Primasonics — Cyclones","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.primasonics.com\u002Fapplications\u002Fcyclones\u002F","glossary\u002Fpreheater-cyclone","aNeXB0wTgXIQCd1VwsAuC04Y4Jx4NoYfWfRyHg1x13M",[243,398,532,691],{"id":244,"title":198,"aliases":245,"body":249,"category":223,"description":379,"extension":225,"meta":380,"navigation":227,"path":67,"relatedTerms":381,"seo":386,"sources":389,"stem":396,"term":198,"__hash__":397},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-tower.md",[246,247,248],"cement preheater","preheater tower cement","cyclone preheater",{"type":53,"value":250,"toc":374},[251,266,270,281,299,303,306,338,341,343],[56,252,58,253,256,257,260,261,265],{},[60,254,255],{},"preheater tower"," is a vertical stack of ",[65,258,259],{"href":228},"cyclone separators"," that pre-heats incoming raw meal with hot exhaust gas from the ",[65,262,264],{"href":263},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frotary-kiln","rotary kiln"," before the meal enters the kiln itself. Modern cement plants use 4-, 5- or 6-stage preheater towers, recovering enough heat from kiln exhaust to deliver raw meal to the kiln at 800–900 °C.",[76,267,269],{"id":268},"why-preheater-towers-are-fouling-prone","Why preheater towers are fouling-prone",[56,271,272,273,276,277,280],{},"The lower preheater stages — and especially the ",[65,274,275],{"href":72},"kiln inlet \u002F riser duct"," — sit in a temperature window (700–900 °C) where alkali sulphates and chlorides condense from the gas onto cooler refractory and steel surfaces. The resulting ",[65,278,279],{"href":209},"build-up \u002F coating \u002F accretion"," grows progressively, narrows the gas path, and eventually causes a kiln stop for manual cleaning.",[56,282,283,284,288,289,293,294,298],{},"The fouling intensifies when ",[65,285,287],{"href":286},"\u002Fglossary\u002Falternative-fuel","alternative fuels (AFR)"," — ",[65,290,292],{"href":291},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frdf-srf-tdf","RDF \u002F SRF \u002F TDF"," — replace conventional fossil fuels, because waste fuels release more chlorine and sulphur into the ",[65,295,297],{"href":296},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsulphur-cycle-chloride-cycle-alkali-cycle","sulphur and chloride cycles",".",[76,300,302],{"id":301},"cleaning-the-preheater","Cleaning the preheater",[56,304,305],{},"Acoustic cleaning is the dominant preventive technology on modern cement preheater towers:",[191,307,308,317,326,332],{},[194,309,310,316],{},[60,311,312,315],{},[65,313,314],{"href":174},"Sonic horns"," at 75–125 Hz"," mounted on the lower-stage cyclones and the kiln-inlet area",[194,318,319,325],{},[60,320,321],{},[65,322,324],{"href":323},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fair-cannon-air-blaster","Air cannons"," as periodic remediation for the heaviest deposits",[194,327,328,331],{},[60,329,330],{},"Manual water-lancing"," during planned outages",[194,333,334,337],{},[60,335,336],{},"Operator monitoring"," of cyclone ΔP and meal-flow indicators as early warning",[56,339,340],{},"The Sylio value proposition on cement preheaters is preserving kiln availability — every avoided unplanned stop is worth 24–72 hours of clinker production.",[76,342,189],{"id":188},[191,344,345,349,354,359,364,370],{},[194,346,347],{},[65,348,47],{"href":228},[194,350,351],{},[65,352,353],{"href":162},"Calciner",[194,355,356],{},[65,357,358],{"href":263},"Rotary kiln",[194,360,361],{},[65,362,363],{"href":72},"Kiln inlet \u002F riser duct",[194,365,366],{},[65,367,369],{"href":368},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fthermal-substitution-rate","Thermal substitution rate",[194,371,372],{},[65,373,215],{"href":174},{"title":217,"searchDepth":218,"depth":218,"links":375},[376,377,378],{"id":268,"depth":218,"text":269},{"id":301,"depth":218,"text":302},{"id":188,"depth":218,"text":189},"A preheater tower is a vertical stack of cyclone separators that pre-heats incoming raw meal with hot exhaust gas from the rotary kiln before the meal enters the kiln itself. Modern cement plants use 4-, 5- or 6-stage preheater towers, recovering enough heat from kiln exhaust to deliver raw meal to the kiln at 800–900 °C.",{},[382,163,383,384,385,175],"preheater-cyclone","rotary-kiln","kiln-inlet-riser-duct","thermal-substitution-rate",{"title":387,"description":388},"Preheater tower — multi-stage cyclone heat exchanger feeding the cement kiln","A preheater tower is a vertical stack of cyclone separators that pre-heats raw meal with kiln exhaust gas before it enters the rotary kiln. The most fouling-prone section of any cement plant.",[390,393],{"title":391,"url":392},"Wikipedia — Cement kiln","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCement_kiln",{"title":394,"url":395},"ECRA — Sulphur and Chloride Cycles","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ecra-online.org\u002Fnewsletters\u002Fsulphur-and-chloride-cycles-and-the-use-of-alternative-fuels-or-raw-materials","glossary\u002Fpreheater-tower","nTZjuMnzN9vAh_OaO2iJWciYrv1LpKAM_yqg0BNl5TM",{"id":399,"title":204,"aliases":400,"body":404,"category":516,"description":517,"extension":225,"meta":518,"navigation":227,"path":203,"relatedTerms":519,"seo":523,"sources":526,"stem":530,"term":204,"__hash__":531},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fcyclone-separator.md",[401,402,403],"cyclone","cyclones","gas cyclone",{"type":53,"value":405,"toc":510},[406,417,421,452,456,476,478,483,485],[56,407,58,408,411,412,416],{},[60,409,410],{},"cyclone separator"," removes particulate from a gas stream by centrifugal force: gas enters tangentially at the top of a vertical cylinder, spirals downward, and exits axially at the top through an inner pipe (vortex finder); heavier particles are thrown outward to the wall, slide down the conical bottom, and discharge through the ",[65,413,415],{"href":414},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcyclone-dipleg","dipleg"," below.",[76,418,420],{"id":419},"where-cyclones-are-used","Where cyclones are used",[191,422,423,430,436,449],{},[194,424,425,429],{},[65,426,428],{"href":427},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcfb-boiler","CFB boiler"," primary separators — large-diameter, high-temperature",[194,431,432,435],{},[65,433,434],{"href":228},"Cement preheater cyclones"," — multi-stage gas-to-meal heat exchange",[194,437,438,439,443,444,448],{},"Pre-cleaners ahead of ",[65,440,442],{"href":441},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse","baghouses"," and ",[65,445,447],{"href":446},"\u002Fglossary\u002Felectrostatic-precipitator","ESPs"," — knock out coarse dust to reduce downstream load",[194,450,451],{},"Process gas separation in chemical and refining duty",[76,453,455],{"id":454},"cyclone-fouling","Cyclone fouling",[191,457,458,464,470],{},[194,459,460,463],{},[60,461,462],{},"Wall build-up"," — dust accretes on the wall and gradually narrows the gas path; flow re-organises and efficiency drops",[194,465,466,469],{},[60,467,468],{},"Dipleg pluggage"," — separated material backs up in the dipleg, eventually re-entraining",[194,471,472,475],{},[60,473,474],{},"Vortex finder fouling"," — alters internal swirl pattern",[76,477,168],{"id":167},[56,479,480,482],{},[65,481,314],{"href":174}," installed on the cyclone shell or dipleg keep wall deposits from consolidating. On cement preheater cyclones particularly, sonic horns are the standard preventive against the coatings that form under alternative-fuel firing.",[76,484,189],{"id":188},[191,486,487,493,498,502,506],{},[194,488,489],{},[65,490,492],{"href":491},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fmulti-cyclone-multiclone","Multi-cyclone \u002F multiclone",[194,494,495],{},[65,496,497],{"href":414},"Cyclone dipleg",[194,499,500],{},[65,501,428],{"href":427},[194,503,504],{},[65,505,47],{"href":228},[194,507,508],{},[65,509,215],{"href":174},{"title":217,"searchDepth":218,"depth":218,"links":511},[512,513,514,515],{"id":419,"depth":218,"text":420},{"id":454,"depth":218,"text":455},{"id":167,"depth":218,"text":168},{"id":188,"depth":218,"text":189},"hrsg-gas-path","A cyclone separator removes particulate from a gas stream by centrifugal force: gas enters tangentially at the top of a vertical cylinder, spirals downward, and exits axially at the top through an inner pipe (vortex finder); heavier particles are thrown outward to the wall, slide down the conical bottom, and discharge through the dipleg below.",{},[520,521,522,382,175],"multi-cyclone-multiclone","cyclone-dipleg","cfb-boiler",{"title":524,"description":525},"Cyclone separator — centrifugal particulate-removal device","A cyclone separator removes particulate from a gas stream by centrifugal force. Wall build-up and re-entrainment from the dipleg are the dominant operational issues.",[527],{"title":528,"url":529},"Wikipedia — Cyclonic separation","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCyclonic_separation","glossary\u002Fcyclone-separator","q8drrAFN5eVbx6KETEHT-VxRny2DelPTSLsYv0Fj2dU",{"id":533,"title":210,"aliases":534,"body":539,"category":223,"description":676,"extension":225,"meta":677,"navigation":227,"path":209,"relatedTerms":678,"seo":681,"sources":684,"stem":688,"term":689,"__hash__":690},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbuild-up-coating-accretion.md",[535,536,537,538],"build-up","coating (cement)","accretion","cement build-up",{"type":53,"value":540,"toc":670},[541,563,567,570,596,599,603,635,639,647,649],[56,542,543,546,547,443,550,552,553,546,556,546,558,546,560,562],{},[60,544,545],{},"Build-up",", ",[60,548,549],{},"coating",[60,551,537],{}," are interchangeable terms used in cement-industry vocabulary for accumulated deposits on the gas-path surfaces of a cement plant — ",[65,554,555],{"href":228},"preheater cyclones",[65,557,163],{"href":162},[65,559,73],{"href":72},[65,561,184],{"href":183},", bypass system. Build-up is the leading single cause of unplanned cement-kiln stops.",[76,564,566],{"id":565},"composition","Composition",[56,568,569],{},"Cement-plant build-up is dominated by:",[191,571,572,578,584,590],{},[194,573,574,577],{},[60,575,576],{},"Alkali sulphates"," (K₂SO₄, Na₂SO₄)",[194,579,580,583],{},[60,581,582],{},"Alkali chlorides"," (KCl, NaCl)",[194,585,586,589],{},[60,587,588],{},"Calcium sulphate"," (CaSO₄)",[194,591,592,595],{},[60,593,594],{},"Sticky pre-calcined meal"," trapped in the matrix",[56,597,598],{},"The exact composition depends on raw-material chemistry, fuel chemistry, and where in the preheater-kiln system the deposit forms.",[76,600,602],{"id":601},"why-build-up-matters","Why build-up matters",[191,604,605,611,617,623,629],{},[194,606,607,610],{},[60,608,609],{},"Kiln stops"," when build-up blocks the gas path",[194,612,613,616],{},[60,614,615],{},"Lost clinker"," during the outage",[194,618,619,622],{},[60,620,621],{},"Operator hours"," to remove with hammer, lance, water",[194,624,625,628],{},[60,626,627],{},"Refractory damage"," from the cleaning operation",[194,630,631,634],{},[60,632,633],{},"HSE risk"," to operators working in the hot, confined gas-path",[76,636,638],{"id":637},"active-prevention","Active prevention",[56,640,641,546,643,646],{},[65,642,314],{"href":174},[65,644,645],{"href":323},"air cannons"," and operator vigilance combine to prevent build-up from consolidating into kiln-stop conditions. The acoustic approach is the dominant preventive technology because it works continuously and causes no structural damage.",[76,648,189],{"id":188},[191,650,651,655,661,666],{},[194,652,653],{},[65,654,198],{"href":67},[194,656,657],{},[65,658,660],{"href":659},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fkiln-inlet-ring-snowman","Kiln-inlet ring \u002F snowman",[194,662,663],{},[65,664,665],{"href":296},"Sulphur \u002F chloride \u002F alkali cycles",[194,667,668],{},[65,669,215],{"href":174},{"title":217,"searchDepth":218,"depth":218,"links":671},[672,673,674,675],{"id":565,"depth":218,"text":566},{"id":601,"depth":218,"text":602},{"id":637,"depth":218,"text":638},{"id":188,"depth":218,"text":189},"Build-up, coating and accretion are interchangeable terms used in cement-industry vocabulary for accumulated deposits on the gas-path surfaces of a cement plant — preheater cyclones, calciner, kiln inlet, tertiary air duct, bypass system. Build-up is the leading single cause of unplanned cement-kiln stops.",{},[230,679,680,175],"kiln-inlet-ring-snowman","sulphur-cycle-chloride-cycle-alkali-cycle",{"title":682,"description":683},"Build-up, coating and accretion — cement-plant deposit terminology","Build-up, coating and accretion are interchangeable terms for accumulated deposits on cement-plant gas-path surfaces. The leading cause of kiln stops in cement manufacture.",[685],{"title":686,"url":687},"Carbon Re — AI to Help Prevent Unplanned Shutdowns","https:\u002F\u002Fcarbonre.com\u002Fhow-ai-help-prevent-unplanned-shutdowns","glossary\u002Fbuild-up-coating-accretion","Build-up, coating and accretion","zaiGE9I6ynnGgKUI0WG6ldXPkVCJaKHHkG8ILL7EU-o",{"id":692,"title":215,"aliases":693,"body":697,"category":895,"description":896,"extension":225,"meta":897,"navigation":227,"path":174,"relatedTerms":898,"seo":905,"sources":908,"stem":918,"term":215,"__hash__":919},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn.md",[694,695,696],"sonic horns","sonic cleaning horn","industrial sonic horn",{"type":53,"value":698,"toc":888},[699,727,731,739,743,805,809,844,848,856,858],[56,700,58,701,704,705,709,710,546,712,546,715,546,719,443,723,298],{},[60,702,703],{},"sonic horn"," is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of ",[65,706,708],{"href":707},"\u002Fglossary\u002Facoustic-cleaner","acoustic cleaner"," and the default specification for cleaning ",[65,711,447],{"href":446},[65,713,442],{"href":714},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter",[65,716,718],{"href":717},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fselective-catalytic-reduction","SCR catalysts",[65,720,722],{"href":721},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsuperheater","boiler heat-transfer surfaces",[65,724,726],{"href":725},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhopper","hoppers and silos",[76,728,730],{"id":729},"how-a-sonic-horn-works","How a sonic horn works",[56,732,733,734,738],{},"Compressed plant air admitted through a ",[65,735,737],{"href":736},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsolenoid-valve","solenoid valve"," drives a metal diaphragm — typically titanium or 316 stainless — into resonant oscillation at the horn's fundamental frequency. The oscillating pressure field is amplified by an exponential bell horn and projected into the vessel as a near-spherical sound wave. Particulate already deposited on internal surfaces receives an oscillating acceleration that overcomes adhesion; loosened material is then carried out with the gas flow before it can sinter, bridge or bond. Because the cleaning is acoustic and non-contact, the horn can fire while the plant is online without tube erosion, refractory damage or thermal shock.",[76,740,742],{"id":741},"key-parameters","Key parameters",[81,744,745,755],{},[84,746,747],{},[87,748,749,752],{},[90,750,751],{},"Parameter",[90,753,754],{},"Typical range",[100,756,757,765,773,781,789,797],{},[87,758,759,762],{},[105,760,761],{},"Fundamental frequency",[105,763,764],{},"60–400 Hz",[87,766,767,770],{},[105,768,769],{},"Sound pressure level",[105,771,772],{},"140–180 dB",[87,774,775,778],{},[105,776,777],{},"Compressed-air consumption",[105,779,780],{},"8–14 Nm³\u002Fmin at 4–7 bar",[87,782,783,786],{},[105,784,785],{},"Operating temperature (with appropriate materials)",[105,787,788],{},"−40 °C to +500 °C",[87,790,791,794],{},[105,792,793],{},"Firing cycle",[105,795,796],{},"5–15 s burst, repeated every 3–15 minutes",[87,798,799,802],{},[105,800,801],{},"Mass",[105,803,804],{},"15–60 kg depending on horn size",[76,806,808],{"id":807},"frequency-selection","Frequency selection",[56,810,811,812,546,814,818,819,546,823,827,828,546,831,835,836,443,840,298],{},"Lower frequencies (60–125 Hz) project longer wavelengths and penetrate further into large open vessels — ",[65,813,555],{"href":228},[65,815,817],{"href":816},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frecovery-boiler","recovery-boiler superheaters",", large ",[65,820,822],{"href":821},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fesp-field-bus-section","ESP fields",[65,824,826],{"href":825},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsilo","silos",". Higher frequencies (230–400 Hz) carry more energy per unit volume and suit finer dust loads in ",[65,829,830],{"href":714},"fabric-filter compartments",[65,832,834],{"href":833},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhoneycomb-catalyst","catalyst layers"," and smaller hopper geometries. See ",[65,837,839],{"href":838},"\u002Fglossary\u002Flow-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","low-frequency acoustic cleaner",[65,841,843],{"href":842},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhigh-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","high-frequency acoustic cleaner",[76,845,847],{"id":846},"sonic-horn-vs-steam-sootblower","Sonic horn vs steam sootblower",[56,849,850,851,855],{},"Sonic horns are increasingly specified alongside or in place of ",[65,852,854],{"href":853},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsteam-sootblower","steam sootblowers"," because they consume no boiler-grade steam, cause no tube erosion, require almost no moving parts and can fire every few minutes without operator intervention. They are less effective on hard, fused slag than retractable steam lances, so on furnace waterwalls and high-temperature superheaters they typically complement rather than replace mechanical cleaning.",[76,857,189],{"id":188},[191,859,860,865,871,877,883],{},[194,861,862],{},[65,863,864],{"href":707},"Acoustic cleaner",[194,866,867],{},[65,868,870],{"href":869},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-sootblower","Sonic sootblower",[194,872,873],{},[65,874,876],{"href":875},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbell-horn","Bell horn",[194,878,879],{},[65,880,882],{"href":881},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdiaphragm-horn","Diaphragm horn",[194,884,885],{},[65,886,887],{"href":838},"Low-frequency acoustic cleaner",{"title":217,"searchDepth":218,"depth":218,"links":889},[890,891,892,893,894],{"id":729,"depth":218,"text":730},{"id":741,"depth":218,"text":742},{"id":807,"depth":218,"text":808},{"id":846,"depth":218,"text":847},{"id":188,"depth":218,"text":189},"core-technology","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of acoustic cleaner and the default specification for cleaning ESPs, baghouses, SCR catalysts, boiler heat-transfer surfaces and hoppers and silos.",{},[899,900,901,902,903,904],"acoustic-cleaner","acoustic-cleaning-system","sonic-sootblower","bell-horn","diaphragm-horn","low-frequency-acoustic-cleaner",{"title":906,"description":907},"Sonic horn — definition, frequency, SPL and industrial applications","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven low-frequency sound emitter (typically 60–400 Hz at 140–180 dB SPL) used to dislodge particulate fouling from boilers, ESPs, baghouses and process vessels.",[909,912,915],{"title":910,"url":911},"Power Engineering — Sonic Horns: A User's Introduction","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Fsonic-horns-a-userrsquos-introduction\u002F",{"title":913,"url":914},"Power Engineering — Tuning in to Acoustic Cleaning","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Ftuning-in-to-acoustic-cleaning\u002F",{"title":916,"url":917},"Wikipedia — Sonic soot blowers","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSonic_soot_blowers","glossary\u002Fsonic-horn","YzrhN0kKzqSaQo0wfn0rueNZ-V43mcg5zahqeWi3lnU",1782613728823]