[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":879},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:lime-kiln":45,"glossary-related:lime-kiln":187},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":52,"category":168,"description":169,"extension":170,"meta":171,"navigation":172,"path":173,"relatedTerms":174,"seo":178,"sources":181,"stem":185,"term":47,"__hash__":186},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Flime-kiln.md","Lime kiln",[49,50,51],"kraft lime kiln","rotary lime kiln","lime recovery kiln",{"type":53,"value":54,"toc":160},"minimark",[55,75,80,88,92,100,104,111,133,137],[56,57,58,59,63,64,69,70,74],"p",{},"A ",[60,61,62],"strong",{},"lime kiln"," at a kraft pulp mill calcines spent lime mud (CaCO₃) back to burnt lime (CaO) at ~1,200 °C for re-use in the ",[65,66,68],"a",{"href":67},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frecausticising","recausticising"," chemical-recovery cycle. The kiln is a long inclined rotating cylinder, similar in form to a ",[65,71,73],{"href":72},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frotary-kiln","cement rotary kiln"," but smaller and lower-temperature.",[76,77,79],"h2",{"id":78},"preheater-and-chain-section","Preheater and chain section",[56,81,82,83,87],{},"Most modern lime kilns have a preheater (often a chain section inside the kiln itself or an external preheater) where incoming damp lime mud is pre-dried by exhaust gas. The chain section accumulates lime-mud build-up — ",[84,85,86],"em",{},"mud rings"," — that progressively narrow the gas path and reduce kiln throughput.",[76,89,91],{"id":90},"lime-kiln-esp","Lime-kiln ESP",[56,93,94,95,99],{},"The flue gas exiting the kiln carries entrained lime dust, captured in a downstream ",[65,96,98],{"href":97},"\u002Fglossary\u002Felectrostatic-precipitator","ESP"," before the stack. The ESP hopper handles fine lime, which bridges easily.",[76,101,103],{"id":102},"cleaning","Cleaning",[56,105,106,110],{},[65,107,109],{"href":108},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","Sonic horns"," are installed at three points on a typical lime-kiln gas-cleaning train:",[112,113,114,121,127],"ul",{},[115,116,117,120],"li",{},[60,118,119],{},"Lime-kiln preheater \u002F chain section"," — prevent mud-ring formation",[115,122,123,126],{},[60,124,125],{},"Lime-kiln ESP hopper"," — prevent fine-lime bridging",[115,128,129,132],{},[60,130,131],{},"Stack adjacency"," — if vent fouling becomes problematic",[76,134,136],{"id":135},"related-terms","Related terms",[112,138,139,144,150,155],{},[115,140,141],{},[65,142,143],{"href":67},"Recausticising",[115,145,146],{},[65,147,149],{"href":148},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frecovery-boiler","Recovery boiler",[115,151,152],{},[65,153,154],{"href":72},"Rotary kiln",[115,156,157],{},[65,158,159],{"href":108},"Sonic horn",{"title":161,"searchDepth":162,"depth":162,"links":163},"",2,[164,165,166,167],{"id":78,"depth":162,"text":79},{"id":90,"depth":162,"text":91},{"id":102,"depth":162,"text":103},{"id":135,"depth":162,"text":136},"pulp-paper","A lime kiln at a kraft pulp mill calcines spent lime mud (CaCO₃) back to burnt lime (CaO) at ~1,200 °C for re-use in the recausticising chemical-recovery cycle. The kiln is a long inclined rotating cylinder, similar in form to a cement rotary kiln but smaller and lower-temperature.","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Flime-kiln",[68,175,176,177],"recovery-boiler","rotary-kiln","sonic-horn",{"title":179,"description":180},"Lime kiln — calcines lime mud back to burnt lime in the kraft chemical cycle","A lime kiln calcines spent lime mud back to burnt lime (CaO) for re-use in the kraft pulping chemical recovery cycle. Preheater chain section fouling is a recurring operational issue.",[182],{"title":183,"url":184},"Pulp & Paper Canada — TAPPI lime kiln guide","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.pulpandpapercanada.com\u002Ftappi-releases-lime-kiln-and-recausticizing-reference-guide\u002F","glossary\u002Flime-kiln","ORNW3CIwCuLywQAq2sTutCYomKMixgT2qQfcpkNkjI8",[188,303,494,642],{"id":189,"title":143,"aliases":190,"body":195,"category":168,"description":288,"extension":170,"meta":289,"navigation":172,"path":67,"relatedTerms":290,"seo":294,"sources":297,"stem":301,"term":143,"__hash__":302},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Frecausticising.md",[191,192,193,194],"recausticizing","causticising","causticizing","causticising plant",{"type":53,"value":196,"toc":284},[197,213,217,220,256,261,263],[56,198,199,201,202,204,205,209,210,212],{},[60,200,143],{}," (also ",[84,203,191],{}," in US spelling) is the chemical step that regenerates kraft cooking liquor by reacting green liquor (sodium carbonate from the ",[65,206,208],{"href":207},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsmelt-dissolving-tank","smelt dissolving tank",") with burnt lime (CaO from the ",[65,211,62],{"href":173},") to produce white liquor (sodium hydroxide + sodium sulphide) and lime mud (CaCO₃). The white liquor is returned to the digester for pulping; the lime mud goes back to the lime kiln for re-calcination.",[76,214,216],{"id":215},"the-closed-chemical-cycle","The closed chemical cycle",[56,218,219],{},"Kraft recovery is a closed loop:",[221,222,223,230,236,247,250,253],"ol",{},[115,224,225,226],{},"Pulping consumes white liquor; produces ",[65,227,229],{"href":228},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fblack-liquor","black liquor",[115,231,232,233],{},"Black liquor concentrated in evaporators, burned in the ",[65,234,235],{"href":148},"recovery boiler",[115,237,238,239,243,244],{},"Recovery boiler produces ",[65,240,242],{"href":241},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsmelt","smelt",", which dissolves into green liquor in the ",[65,245,246],{"href":207},"SDT",[115,248,249],{},"Recausticising converts green liquor + burnt lime → white liquor + lime mud",[115,251,252],{},"Lime kiln calcines lime mud → burnt lime",[115,254,255],{},"Burnt lime returns to recausticising",[56,257,258,260],{},[65,259,109],{"href":108}," appear at several points around this loop, principally on the recovery boiler, SDT vent stack, lime-kiln preheater and lime-kiln ESP hopper.",[76,262,136],{"id":135},[112,264,265,270,275,280],{},[115,266,267],{},[65,268,269],{"href":228},"Black liquor",[115,271,272],{},[65,273,274],{"href":241},"Smelt",[115,276,277],{},[65,278,279],{"href":207},"Smelt dissolving tank (SDT)",[115,281,282],{},[65,283,47],{"href":173},{"title":161,"searchDepth":162,"depth":162,"links":285},[286,287],{"id":215,"depth":162,"text":216},{"id":135,"depth":162,"text":136},"Recausticising (also recausticizing in US spelling) is the chemical step that regenerates kraft cooking liquor by reacting green liquor (sodium carbonate from the smelt dissolving tank) with burnt lime (CaO from the lime kiln) to produce white liquor (sodium hydroxide + sodium sulphide) and lime mud (CaCO₃). The white liquor is returned to the digester for pulping; the lime mud goes back to the lime kiln for re-calcination.",{},[291,242,292,293],"black-liquor","smelt-dissolving-tank","lime-kiln",{"title":295,"description":296},"Recausticising — regenerating kraft cooking liquor from green liquor and lime","Recausticising converts green liquor (sodium carbonate) and burnt lime back into white liquor (sodium hydroxide and sulphide) for re-use in kraft pulping.",[298],{"title":299,"url":300},"Wikipedia — Kraft process","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKraft_process","glossary\u002Frecausticising","JpSdvS8pBLnO_IYyDt3rZMJhESv-c65so_nB-QqIwiI",{"id":304,"title":149,"aliases":305,"body":309,"category":475,"description":476,"extension":170,"meta":477,"navigation":172,"path":148,"relatedTerms":478,"seo":482,"sources":485,"stem":492,"term":149,"__hash__":493},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Frecovery-boiler.md",[306,307,308],"kraft recovery boiler","black-liquor recovery boiler","BLRB",{"type":53,"value":310,"toc":469},[311,324,328,335,370,381,385,413,417,425,427],[56,312,58,313,201,315,317,318,320,321,323],{},[60,314,235],{},[84,316,306],{},", ",[84,319,307],{},", or ",[84,322,308],{},") is a unique industrial boiler at the centre of every kraft pulp mill. It burns concentrated black liquor — the spent cooking-chemicals stream — to generate steam, electrical power and to recover the sodium and sulphur compounds that re-enter the pulping cycle as smelt. Recovery boilers are large, complex, expensive and irreplaceable to mill operation.",[76,325,327],{"id":326},"the-iconic-sonic-horn-application","The iconic sonic-horn application",[56,329,330,331,334],{},"Recovery boilers are the iconic application for ",[65,332,333],{"href":108},"sonic horns",". Three features combine to make them so:",[112,336,337,353,364],{},[115,338,339,342,343,347,348,352],{},[60,340,341],{},"Sticky, alkali-rich ash"," — sodium-sulphate carry-over deposits aggressively on ",[65,344,346],{"href":345},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsuperheater","superheater"," and ",[65,349,351],{"href":350},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fgenerating-bank","generating-bank"," tubes",[115,354,355,358,359,363],{},[60,356,357],{},"Long-run-time targets"," — mills target 12–18 months between ",[65,360,362],{"href":361},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fchill-and-blow","chill-and-blow"," wash cycles, and every extra week of run time is worth tens of thousands of dollars",[115,365,366,369],{},[60,367,368],{},"Deep cavities"," — the superheater bundles are tall and bafflingly inaccessible to short-throw cleaning",[56,371,372,373,375,376,380],{},"Both conventional ",[65,374,333],{"href":108}," at 60–125 Hz and ",[65,377,379],{"href":378},"\u002Fglossary\u002Finfrasonic-cleaner","infrasonic cleaners"," below 30 Hz are deployed on recovery boilers. Major OEM aftermarket teams (ANDRITZ, Valmet, Babcock & Wilcox Vølund) all integrate acoustic cleaning into their service portfolios.",[76,382,384],{"id":383},"other-applications-inside-the-recovery-island","Other applications inside the recovery island",[112,386,387,393,399,407],{},[115,388,389,392],{},[60,390,391],{},"ESP hoppers"," — sodium-rich fly-ash bridging",[115,394,395,398],{},[60,396,397],{},"Economiser pluggage"," — salt-cake build-up on tube bundles",[115,400,401,404,405],{},[60,402,403],{},"Lime kiln preheater"," — see ",[65,406,62],{"href":173},[115,408,409,412],{},[60,410,411],{},"Smelt dissolving tank"," vent stack — sodium-fume build-up",[76,414,416],{"id":415},"safety","Safety",[56,418,419,420,424],{},"Recovery-boiler operations are governed by ",[65,421,423],{"href":422},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fblrbac","BLRBAC"," Recommended Good Practices. Any cleaning intervention — including acoustic — is reviewed against BLRBAC water-side-incident and emergency-shutdown protocols.",[76,426,136],{"id":135},[112,428,429,435,440,445,451,456,460,464],{},[115,430,431],{},[65,432,434],{"href":433},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fboiler","Boiler",[115,436,437],{},[65,438,439],{"href":350},"Generating bank",[115,441,442],{},[65,443,444],{"href":345},"Superheater",[115,446,447],{},[65,448,450],{"href":449},"\u002Fglossary\u002Feconomiser","Economiser",[115,452,453],{},[65,454,455],{"href":361},"Chill-and-blow",[115,457,458],{},[65,459,423],{"href":422},[115,461,462],{},[65,463,159],{"href":108},[115,465,466],{},[65,467,468],{"href":378},"Infrasonic cleaner",{"title":161,"searchDepth":162,"depth":162,"links":470},[471,472,473,474],{"id":326,"depth":162,"text":327},{"id":383,"depth":162,"text":384},{"id":415,"depth":162,"text":416},{"id":135,"depth":162,"text":136},"boiler","A recovery boiler (also kraft recovery boiler, black-liquor recovery boiler, or BLRB) is a unique industrial boiler at the centre of every kraft pulp mill. It burns concentrated black liquor — the spent cooking-chemicals stream — to generate steam, electrical power and to recover the sodium and sulphur compounds that re-enter the pulping cycle as smelt. Recovery boilers are large, complex, expensive and irreplaceable to mill operation.",{},[475,351,346,479,362,480,177,481],"economiser","blrbac","infrasonic-cleaner",{"title":483,"description":484},"Recovery boiler — kraft pulp mill steam-and-chemicals plant","A recovery boiler burns kraft black liquor to generate steam, electrical power and recovered pulping chemicals. Iconic application for sonic horns on superheater cleaning.",[486,489],{"title":487,"url":488},"Wikipedia — Recovery boiler","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRecovery_boiler",{"title":490,"url":491},"BLRBAC — Recovery Boilers in Service","https:\u002F\u002Fblrbac.net\u002Frecovery-boilers-in-service\u002F","glossary\u002Frecovery-boiler","mXzBGZ7hSMEgl58wabmRAArKMR06mHldZvB1HJLRt0g",{"id":495,"title":154,"aliases":496,"body":499,"category":625,"description":626,"extension":170,"meta":627,"navigation":172,"path":72,"relatedTerms":628,"seo":633,"sources":636,"stem":640,"term":154,"__hash__":641},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Frotary-kiln.md",[497,498],"cement kiln","rotary cement kiln",{"type":53,"value":500,"toc":619},[501,512,516,533,537,540,544,547,583,588,590],[56,502,58,503,506,507,511],{},[60,504,505],{},"rotary kiln"," is a long (typically 50–100 m), large-diameter (typically 4–6 m), gently inclined rotating steel cylinder lined with refractory brick where preheated raw meal is burned at flame temperatures of ~2,000 °C and material temperatures of ~1,450 °C to form ",[65,508,510],{"href":509},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fclinker","clinker",". The rotary kiln is the heart of every cement plant.",[76,513,515],{"id":514},"layout","Layout",[56,517,518,519,347,523,527,528,532],{},"The kiln is fed at its upper end by raw meal pre-calcined in the ",[65,520,522],{"href":521},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-tower","preheater tower",[65,524,526],{"href":525},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcalciner","calciner",". The main burner fires at the lower (clinker discharge) end, opposing the gas flow direction. Discharged clinker falls into the ",[65,529,531],{"href":530},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fclinker-cooler","clinker cooler"," below.",[76,534,536],{"id":535},"why-kiln-stops-are-catastrophic","Why kiln stops are catastrophic",[56,538,539],{},"A cement kiln is designed for continuous operation. Stopping and restarting the kiln means cooling and re-heating massive refractory mass, which damages the lining and incurs substantial fuel cost. A typical unplanned kiln stop loses 24–72 hours of clinker production, equivalent to thousands of tonnes of lost output.",[76,541,543],{"id":542},"what-stops-the-kiln","What stops the kiln",[56,545,546],{},"Most unplanned kiln stops trace to upstream or downstream problems rather than the kiln itself:",[112,548,549,556,565,571,577],{},[115,550,551,404,554],{},[60,552,553],{},"Preheater pluggage",[65,555,522],{"href":521},[115,557,558,564],{},[60,559,560],{},[65,561,563],{"href":562},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fkiln-inlet-ring-snowman","Kiln-inlet ring \u002F snowman"," formation",[115,566,567,570],{},[60,568,569],{},"Clinker cooler upset"," — bridging in the cooler hopper",[115,572,573,576],{},[60,574,575],{},"Calciner pluggage"," — accreted build-up from AFR firing",[115,578,579,582],{},[60,580,581],{},"ID-fan trip"," — fouled blades causing vibration",[56,584,585,587],{},[65,586,109],{"href":108}," installed across the preheater, calciner and kiln-inlet area address several of these directly.",[76,589,136],{"id":135},[112,591,592,597,602,608,613],{},[115,593,594],{},[65,595,596],{"href":509},"Clinker",[115,598,599],{},[65,600,601],{"href":530},"Clinker cooler",[115,603,604],{},[65,605,607],{"href":606},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fkiln-inlet-riser-duct","Kiln inlet \u002F riser duct",[115,609,610],{},[65,611,612],{"href":521},"Preheater tower",[115,614,615],{},[65,616,618],{"href":617},"\u002Fglossary\u002Falternative-fuel","Alternative fuel",{"title":161,"searchDepth":162,"depth":162,"links":620},[621,622,623,624],{"id":514,"depth":162,"text":515},{"id":535,"depth":162,"text":536},{"id":542,"depth":162,"text":543},{"id":135,"depth":162,"text":136},"cement","A rotary kiln is a long (typically 50–100 m), large-diameter (typically 4–6 m), gently inclined rotating steel cylinder lined with refractory brick where preheated raw meal is burned at flame temperatures of ~2,000 °C and material temperatures of ~1,450 °C to form clinker. The rotary kiln is the heart of every cement plant.",{},[510,629,630,631,632],"clinker-cooler","kiln-inlet-riser-duct","preheater-tower","alternative-fuel",{"title":634,"description":635},"Rotary kiln — the heart of the cement plant","A rotary kiln is a long inclined rotating cylinder where preheated raw meal is burned at 1,450 °C to form clinker. The heart of every cement plant.",[637],{"title":638,"url":639},"Wikipedia — Cement kiln","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCement_kiln","glossary\u002Frotary-kiln","MIYT9G3DCofPYVl4SqD8erG8mcl6gg4VWmUXfvLV0fc",{"id":643,"title":159,"aliases":644,"body":647,"category":854,"description":855,"extension":170,"meta":856,"navigation":172,"path":108,"relatedTerms":857,"seo":864,"sources":867,"stem":877,"term":159,"__hash__":878},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn.md",[333,645,646],"sonic cleaning horn","industrial sonic horn",{"type":53,"value":648,"toc":847},[649,679,683,691,695,763,767,803,807,815,817],[56,650,58,651,654,655,659,660,317,663,317,667,317,671,347,674,678],{},[60,652,653],{},"sonic horn"," is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of ",[65,656,658],{"href":657},"\u002Fglossary\u002Facoustic-cleaner","acoustic cleaner"," and the default specification for cleaning ",[65,661,662],{"href":97},"ESPs",[65,664,666],{"href":665},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter","baghouses",[65,668,670],{"href":669},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fselective-catalytic-reduction","SCR catalysts",[65,672,673],{"href":345},"boiler heat-transfer surfaces",[65,675,677],{"href":676},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhopper","hoppers and silos",".",[76,680,682],{"id":681},"how-a-sonic-horn-works","How a sonic horn works",[56,684,685,686,690],{},"Compressed plant air admitted through a ",[65,687,689],{"href":688},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsolenoid-valve","solenoid valve"," drives a metal diaphragm — typically titanium or 316 stainless — into resonant oscillation at the horn's fundamental frequency. The oscillating pressure field is amplified by an exponential bell horn and projected into the vessel as a near-spherical sound wave. Particulate already deposited on internal surfaces receives an oscillating acceleration that overcomes adhesion; loosened material is then carried out with the gas flow before it can sinter, bridge or bond. Because the cleaning is acoustic and non-contact, the horn can fire while the plant is online without tube erosion, refractory damage or thermal shock.",[76,692,694],{"id":693},"key-parameters","Key parameters",[696,697,698,711],"table",{},[699,700,701],"thead",{},[702,703,704,708],"tr",{},[705,706,707],"th",{},"Parameter",[705,709,710],{},"Typical range",[712,713,714,723,731,739,747,755],"tbody",{},[702,715,716,720],{},[717,718,719],"td",{},"Fundamental frequency",[717,721,722],{},"60–400 Hz",[702,724,725,728],{},[717,726,727],{},"Sound pressure level",[717,729,730],{},"140–180 dB",[702,732,733,736],{},[717,734,735],{},"Compressed-air consumption",[717,737,738],{},"8–14 Nm³\u002Fmin at 4–7 bar",[702,740,741,744],{},[717,742,743],{},"Operating temperature (with appropriate materials)",[717,745,746],{},"−40 °C to +500 °C",[702,748,749,752],{},[717,750,751],{},"Firing cycle",[717,753,754],{},"5–15 s burst, repeated every 3–15 minutes",[702,756,757,760],{},[717,758,759],{},"Mass",[717,761,762],{},"15–60 kg depending on horn size",[76,764,766],{"id":765},"frequency-selection","Frequency selection",[56,768,769,770,317,774,777,778,317,782,786,787,317,790,794,795,347,799,678],{},"Lower frequencies (60–125 Hz) project longer wavelengths and penetrate further into large open vessels — ",[65,771,773],{"href":772},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-cyclone","preheater cyclones",[65,775,776],{"href":148},"recovery-boiler superheaters",", large ",[65,779,781],{"href":780},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fesp-field-bus-section","ESP fields",[65,783,785],{"href":784},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsilo","silos",". Higher frequencies (230–400 Hz) carry more energy per unit volume and suit finer dust loads in ",[65,788,789],{"href":665},"fabric-filter compartments",[65,791,793],{"href":792},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhoneycomb-catalyst","catalyst layers"," and smaller hopper geometries. See ",[65,796,798],{"href":797},"\u002Fglossary\u002Flow-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","low-frequency acoustic cleaner",[65,800,802],{"href":801},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhigh-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","high-frequency acoustic cleaner",[76,804,806],{"id":805},"sonic-horn-vs-steam-sootblower","Sonic horn vs steam sootblower",[56,808,809,810,814],{},"Sonic horns are increasingly specified alongside or in place of ",[65,811,813],{"href":812},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsteam-sootblower","steam sootblowers"," because they consume no boiler-grade steam, cause no tube erosion, require almost no moving parts and can fire every few minutes without operator intervention. They are less effective on hard, fused slag than retractable steam lances, so on furnace waterwalls and high-temperature superheaters they typically complement rather than replace mechanical cleaning.",[76,816,136],{"id":135},[112,818,819,824,830,836,842],{},[115,820,821],{},[65,822,823],{"href":657},"Acoustic cleaner",[115,825,826],{},[65,827,829],{"href":828},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-sootblower","Sonic sootblower",[115,831,832],{},[65,833,835],{"href":834},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbell-horn","Bell horn",[115,837,838],{},[65,839,841],{"href":840},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdiaphragm-horn","Diaphragm horn",[115,843,844],{},[65,845,846],{"href":797},"Low-frequency acoustic cleaner",{"title":161,"searchDepth":162,"depth":162,"links":848},[849,850,851,852,853],{"id":681,"depth":162,"text":682},{"id":693,"depth":162,"text":694},{"id":765,"depth":162,"text":766},{"id":805,"depth":162,"text":806},{"id":135,"depth":162,"text":136},"core-technology","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of acoustic cleaner and the default specification for cleaning ESPs, baghouses, SCR catalysts, boiler heat-transfer surfaces and hoppers and silos.",{},[858,859,860,861,862,863],"acoustic-cleaner","acoustic-cleaning-system","sonic-sootblower","bell-horn","diaphragm-horn","low-frequency-acoustic-cleaner",{"title":865,"description":866},"Sonic horn — definition, frequency, SPL and industrial applications","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven low-frequency sound emitter (typically 60–400 Hz at 140–180 dB SPL) used to dislodge particulate fouling from boilers, ESPs, baghouses and process vessels.",[868,871,874],{"title":869,"url":870},"Power Engineering — Sonic Horns: A User's Introduction","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Fsonic-horns-a-userrsquos-introduction\u002F",{"title":872,"url":873},"Power Engineering — Tuning in to Acoustic Cleaning","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Ftuning-in-to-acoustic-cleaning\u002F",{"title":875,"url":876},"Wikipedia — Sonic soot blowers","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSonic_soot_blowers","glossary\u002Fsonic-horn","YzrhN0kKzqSaQo0wfn0rueNZ-V43mcg5zahqeWi3lnU",1782613748844]