[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1223},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:filter-bag":45,"glossary-related:filter-bag":303},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":51,"category":281,"description":282,"extension":283,"meta":284,"navigation":285,"path":286,"relatedTerms":287,"seo":294,"sources":297,"stem":301,"term":47,"__hash__":302},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Ffilter-bag.md","Filter bag",[49,50],"filter bags","bag (baghouse)",{"type":52,"value":53,"toc":274},"minimark",[54,79,84,97,196,200,237,241],[55,56,57,58,62,63,68,69,73,74,78],"p",{},"A ",[59,60,61],"strong",{},"filter bag"," is the cylindrical fabric sock that traps particulate inside a ",[64,65,67],"a",{"href":66},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter","fabric filter",". Bags are typically 120–300 mm in diameter and 2–10 m long, suspended vertically from the ",[64,70,72],{"href":71},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ftubesheet","tubesheet",", supported internally by a wire ",[64,75,77],{"href":76},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbag-cage","bag cage"," and sealed at the top by a snap-band collar.",[80,81,83],"h2",{"id":82},"media-selection","Media selection",[55,85,86,87,91,92,96],{},"Bag media must match the application temperature, gas chemistry, dust load and cleaning system. See ",[64,88,90],{"href":89},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fp84-nomex-ryton-filter-media","P84 \u002F Nomex \u002F Ryton filter media"," and ",[64,93,95],{"href":94},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fptfe-membrane-filter-bag","PTFE membrane filter bag",".",[98,99,100,116],"table",{},[101,102,103],"thead",{},[104,105,106,110,113],"tr",{},[107,108,109],"th",{},"Material",[107,111,112],{},"Max continuous temp",[107,114,115],{},"Typical use",[117,118,119,131,142,153,164,175,186],"tbody",{},[104,120,121,125,128],{},[122,123,124],"td",{},"Polyester",[122,126,127],{},"135 °C",[122,129,130],{},"Cement, food, light industrial",[104,132,133,136,139],{},[122,134,135],{},"Polypropylene",[122,137,138],{},"90 °C",[122,140,141],{},"Wet chemistry, washdown",[104,143,144,147,150],{},[122,145,146],{},"Nomex (aramid)",[122,148,149],{},"200 °C",[122,151,152],{},"Asphalt, metallurgical",[104,154,155,158,161],{},[122,156,157],{},"P84 (polyimide)",[122,159,160],{},"240 °C",[122,162,163],{},"Cement, biomass",[104,165,166,169,172],{},[122,167,168],{},"Ryton (PPS)",[122,170,171],{},"190 °C",[122,173,174],{},"Coal-fired utility, sulphur-rich",[104,176,177,180,183],{},[122,178,179],{},"Fibreglass",[122,181,182],{},"260 °C",[122,184,185],{},"Cement, WtE high-temperature",[104,187,188,191,193],{},[122,189,190],{},"PTFE (Teflon)",[122,192,182],{},[122,194,195],{},"Aggressive chemistry, sub-mg outlet",[80,197,199],{"id":198},"failure-modes","Failure modes",[201,202,203,213,219,225,231],"ul",{},[204,205,206,212],"li",{},[59,207,208],{},[64,209,211],{"href":210},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbag-blinding","Bag blinding"," — pore choking that raises ΔP",[204,214,215,218],{},[59,216,217],{},"Abrasion"," — wear at the bottom of the bag from falling cake",[204,220,221,224],{},[59,222,223],{},"Thermal degradation"," — exceeding the media's continuous-service rating",[204,226,227,230],{},[59,228,229],{},"Hydrolysis \u002F acid attack"," — at the cold end below the acid dew point",[204,232,233,236],{},[59,234,235],{},"Cage corrosion"," — failure of the cage allows bag collapse",[80,238,240],{"id":239},"related-terms","Related terms",[201,242,243,248,254,259,264,270],{},[204,244,245],{},[64,246,247],{"href":66},"Fabric filter",[204,249,250],{},[64,251,253],{"href":252},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse","Baghouse",[204,255,256],{},[64,257,258],{"href":76},"Bag cage",[204,260,261],{},[64,262,263],{"href":94},"PTFE-membrane filter bag",[204,265,266],{},[64,267,269],{"href":268},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffibreglass-filter-bag","Fibreglass filter bag",[204,271,272],{},[64,273,211],{"href":210},{"title":275,"searchDepth":276,"depth":276,"links":277},"",2,[278,279,280],{"id":82,"depth":276,"text":83},{"id":198,"depth":276,"text":199},{"id":239,"depth":276,"text":240},"baghouse","A filter bag is the cylindrical fabric sock that traps particulate inside a fabric filter. Bags are typically 120–300 mm in diameter and 2–10 m long, suspended vertically from the tubesheet, supported internally by a wire bag cage and sealed at the top by a snap-band collar.","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffilter-bag",[288,281,289,290,291,292,293],"fabric-filter","bag-cage","ptfe-membrane-filter-bag","fibreglass-filter-bag","p84-nomex-ryton-filter-media","bag-blinding",{"title":295,"description":296},"Filter bag — the cylindrical fabric element of a baghouse","A filter bag is the cylindrical fabric sock that traps particulate inside a fabric filter. Media selection depends on temperature, gas chemistry, dust load and cleaning cycle.",[298],{"title":299,"url":300},"Wikipedia — Baghouse","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaghouse","glossary\u002Ffilter-bag","c5qm1D9QdtuF4K2dtGAjDJ_qJJmuF0iuEqVTUcRXqww",[304,495,605,704,812,915,1067],{"id":305,"title":247,"aliases":306,"body":310,"category":281,"description":477,"extension":283,"meta":478,"navigation":285,"path":66,"relatedTerms":479,"seo":485,"sources":488,"stem":493,"term":247,"__hash__":494},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter.md",[307,308,309],"fabric filters","bag filter","dust collector (fabric)",{"type":52,"value":311,"toc":472},[312,329,333,411,415,445,447],[55,313,57,314,316,317,319,320,324,325,328],{},[59,315,67],{}," is an air-pollution-control device that removes particulate from a gas stream by passing the gas through woven or felted fibre media — usually in the form of cylindrical ",[64,318,49],{"href":286}," — collecting dust as a cake on the bag surface and periodically releasing the cake into a hopper below. Fabric filters are the dominant particulate-control choice on cement plants, ",[64,321,323],{"href":322},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaste-to-energy","waste-to-energy"," plants, ",[64,326,327],{"href":322},"biomass"," boilers, metallurgical off-gas, food and chemical process exhaust.",[80,330,332],{"id":331},"why-fabric-filters-compete-with-esps","Why fabric filters compete with ESPs",[98,334,335,350],{},[101,336,337],{},[104,338,339,342,344],{},[107,340,341],{},"Attribute",[107,343,247],{},[107,345,346],{},[64,347,349],{"href":348},"\u002Fglossary\u002Felectrostatic-precipitator","ESP",[117,351,352,363,378,389,400],{},[104,353,354,357,360],{},[122,355,356],{},"Outlet particulate",[122,358,359],{},"\u003C 5 mg\u002FNm³ typical, \u003C 1 mg\u002FNm³ achievable",[122,361,362],{},"10–30 mg\u002FNm³ typical",[104,364,365,372,375],{},[122,366,367,368],{},"Insensitivity to dust ",[64,369,371],{"href":370},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fresistivity","resistivity",[122,373,374],{},"Yes",[122,376,377],{},"No (back-corona risk)",[104,379,380,383,386],{},[122,381,382],{},"Energy consumption",[122,384,385],{},"Higher (ΔP overcomes filter resistance)",[122,387,388],{},"Lower (electrostatic field only)",[104,390,391,394,397],{},[122,392,393],{},"Sensitivity to moisture \u002F dew point",[122,395,396],{},"High",[122,398,399],{},"Lower",[104,401,402,405,408],{},[122,403,404],{},"Footprint",[122,406,407],{},"Typically smaller",[122,409,410],{},"Typically larger",[80,412,414],{"id":413},"where-sonic-horns-fit","Where sonic horns fit",[55,416,417,421,422,424,425,429,430,434,435,439,440,444],{},[64,418,420],{"href":419},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","Sonic horns"," installed on a ",[64,423,281],{"href":252}," supplement the primary cleaning system (",[64,426,428],{"href":427},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse","pulse-jet",", ",[64,431,433],{"href":432},"\u002Fglossary\u002Freverse-air-baghouse","reverse-air"," or ",[64,436,438],{"href":437},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fshaker-baghouse","shaker",") by reaching dust the primary cleaning misses, reducing ",[64,441,443],{"href":442},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdifferential-pressure-baghouse","differential pressure",", extending bag life and dislodging cake bridging in hoppers below the bags.",[80,446,240],{"id":239},[201,448,449,453,458,462,467],{},[204,450,451],{},[64,452,253],{"href":252},[204,454,455],{},[64,456,457],{"href":427},"Pulse-jet baghouse",[204,459,460],{},[64,461,47],{"href":286},[204,463,464],{},[64,465,466],{"href":442},"Differential pressure (baghouse)",[204,468,469],{},[64,470,471],{"href":419},"Sonic horn",{"title":275,"searchDepth":276,"depth":276,"links":473},[474,475,476],{"id":331,"depth":276,"text":332},{"id":413,"depth":276,"text":414},{"id":239,"depth":276,"text":240},"A fabric filter is an air-pollution-control device that removes particulate from a gas stream by passing the gas through woven or felted fibre media — usually in the form of cylindrical filter bags — collecting dust as a cake on the bag surface and periodically releasing the cake into a hopper below. Fabric filters are the dominant particulate-control choice on cement plants, waste-to-energy plants, biomass boilers, metallurgical off-gas, food and chemical process exhaust.",{},[281,480,481,482,483,484],"pulse-jet-baghouse","reverse-air-baghouse","filter-bag","sonic-horn","differential-pressure-baghouse",{"title":486,"description":487},"Fabric filter — principle, types and acoustic-cleaning benefits","A fabric filter removes particulate from a gas stream by passing it through woven or felted bag media. Sonic horns supplement primary cleaning and reduce differential pressure.",[489,490],{"title":299,"url":300},{"title":491,"url":492},"Micronics — Sonic Horns for Baghouses","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.micronicsinc.com\u002Fdry-baghouse-filtration\u002Fparts\u002Fbaghouse-accessories\u002Fsonic-horns\u002F","glossary\u002Ffabric-filter","8AjQCKacGq0ZjbUhSjLFzVTtXfqr32f0IVjT2bihoZo",{"id":496,"title":253,"aliases":497,"body":501,"category":281,"description":593,"extension":283,"meta":594,"navigation":285,"path":252,"relatedTerms":595,"seo":598,"sources":601,"stem":603,"term":253,"__hash__":604},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse.md",[498,499,500],"baghouses","bag filter house","dust collector house",{"type":52,"value":502,"toc":588},[503,518,522,532,536,539,556,558],[55,504,57,505,507,508,429,510,514,515,517],{},[59,506,281],{}," is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, ",[64,509,72],{"href":71},[64,511,513],{"href":512},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fplenum-clean-side-dirty-side","plenums"," and hoppers of a ",[64,516,288],{"href":66}," dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",[80,519,521],{"id":520},"compartmented-design","Compartmented design",[55,523,524,525,527,528,531],{},"Large industrial baghouses are subdivided into several compartments — each with its own gas-flow damper — so that one compartment can be isolated for offline cleaning or bag replacement while the rest stay online. The standard ",[64,526,428],{"href":427}," compartment count for utility duty is 8–16; cement and ",[64,529,530],{"href":322},"WtE"," baghouses may run 20+.",[80,533,535],{"id":534},"why-sonic-horns-help","Why sonic horns help",[55,537,538],{},"Sonic horns mounted at compartment level address fouling that the primary cleaning system (pulse-jet, reverse-air or shaker) cannot reach:",[201,540,541,544,550,553],{},[204,542,543],{},"Bag-row dead zones at the back of the compartment",[204,545,546,549],{},[64,547,548],{"href":71},"Tubesheet"," area dust deposits",[204,551,552],{},"Hopper bridging below the bags",[204,554,555],{},"Inlet-plenum dust dropout",[80,557,240],{"id":239},[201,559,560,564,568,573,578,584],{},[204,561,562],{},[64,563,247],{"href":66},[204,565,566],{},[64,567,457],{"href":427},[204,569,570],{},[64,571,572],{"href":432},"Reverse-air baghouse",[204,574,575],{},[64,576,577],{"href":437},"Shaker baghouse",[204,579,580],{},[64,581,583],{"href":582},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcompartment-isolation","Compartment isolation",[204,585,586],{},[64,587,471],{"href":419},{"title":275,"searchDepth":276,"depth":276,"links":589},[590,591,592],{"id":520,"depth":276,"text":521},{"id":534,"depth":276,"text":535},{"id":239,"depth":276,"text":240},"A baghouse is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, tubesheet, plenums and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",{},[288,480,481,596,597,483],"shaker-baghouse","compartment-isolation",{"title":599,"description":600},"Baghouse — vessel that houses fabric-filter bags for industrial dust control","A baghouse is the structural enclosure that holds the bags, cages, tubesheet, cleaning system and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. Sized in compartments for online isolation.",[602],{"title":299,"url":300},"glossary\u002Fbaghouse","TraeRQp5lNGOrkFkwjsoYRrhIIRrMkFonwryXyc1wGw",{"id":606,"title":258,"aliases":607,"body":611,"category":281,"description":694,"extension":283,"meta":695,"navigation":285,"path":76,"relatedTerms":696,"seo":697,"sources":700,"stem":702,"term":258,"__hash__":703},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbag-cage.md",[608,609,610],"filter bag cage","retainer cage","support cage",{"type":52,"value":612,"toc":689},[613,633,637,640,644,670,673,675],[55,614,57,615,617,618,620,621,623,624,627,628,632],{},[59,616,77],{}," is the welded wire frame that holds a ",[64,619,61],{"href":286}," open against the ",[64,622,443],{"href":442}," of a ",[64,625,626],{"href":427},"pulse-jet baghouse",". Without the cage the bag would collapse inwards on the dirty-gas side and block flow. Cages are typically galvanised carbon steel, with longer-life options in 304 \u002F ",[64,629,631],{"href":630},"\u002Fglossary\u002Faisi-316-316l-stainless","316 stainless"," for corrosive duty.",[80,634,636],{"id":635},"construction","Construction",[55,638,639],{},"A standard cage has 8–20 vertical wires welded to top, bottom and intermediate rings. The top ring carries the venturi assembly through which the pulse-jet air enters; the bottom is closed with a disc. Cage diameter is fractionally smaller than the bag's inside diameter so the bag slides over it without bunching.",[80,641,643],{"id":642},"cage-related-failures","Cage-related failures",[201,645,646,652,658,664],{},[204,647,648,651],{},[59,649,650],{},"Corrosion"," — galvanised steel attacked by sulphurous or chloride-rich gas",[204,653,654,657],{},[59,655,656],{},"Wire breakage"," — usually at weld points after thermal cycling",[204,659,660,663],{},[59,661,662],{},"Loss of roundness"," — distortion under uneven cleaning pulses",[204,665,666,669],{},[59,667,668],{},"Venturi loss"," — separates from the cage top, reducing pulse penetration",[55,671,672],{},"A failed cage typically destroys the bag within hours of detection.",[80,674,240],{"id":239},[201,676,677,681,685],{},[204,678,679],{},[64,680,47],{"href":286},[204,682,683],{},[64,684,253],{"href":252},[204,686,687],{},[64,688,548],{"href":71},{"title":275,"searchDepth":276,"depth":276,"links":690},[691,692,693],{"id":635,"depth":276,"text":636},{"id":642,"depth":276,"text":643},{"id":239,"depth":276,"text":240},"A bag cage is the welded wire frame that holds a filter bag open against the differential pressure of a pulse-jet baghouse. Without the cage the bag would collapse inwards on the dirty-gas side and block flow. Cages are typically galvanised carbon steel, with longer-life options in 304 \u002F 316 stainless for corrosive duty.",{},[482,281,72],{"title":698,"description":699},"Bag cage — the wire frame that supports a filter bag","A bag cage is the welded wire frame that holds a filter bag open against differential pressure inside a pulse-jet baghouse. Cage corrosion or breakage causes immediate bag collapse.",[701],{"title":299,"url":300},"glossary\u002Fbag-cage","ugY5moubsV1OUBX0jFgegS6k-rRHe0rx8Kvya0Mda48",{"id":705,"title":263,"aliases":706,"body":710,"category":281,"description":800,"extension":283,"meta":801,"navigation":285,"path":94,"relatedTerms":802,"seo":803,"sources":806,"stem":810,"term":263,"__hash__":811},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fptfe-membrane-filter-bag.md",[707,708,709],"PTFE membrane bag","ePTFE filter bag","Teflon membrane bag",{"type":52,"value":711,"toc":794},[712,726,730,740,744,764,768,774,776],[55,713,57,714,716,717,721,722,725],{},[59,715,263],{}," carries a microporous expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane laminated to the outside surface of a base felt (usually polyester, P84 or PPS). Particulate is trapped on the membrane surface rather than within the depth of the felt — ",[718,719,720],"em",{},"surface filtration",", also called ",[718,723,724],{},"cake filtration on a membrane",". Outlet particulate of below 1 mg\u002FNm³ is routinely achievable.",[80,727,729],{"id":728},"why-surface-filtration-changes-the-operating-regime","Why surface filtration changes the operating regime",[55,731,732,733,735,736,739],{},"In a conventional depth-filtration bag, particulate gradually loads into the felt itself, raising ",[64,734,443],{"href":442}," over weeks and eventually causing ",[64,737,738],{"href":210},"bag blinding",". A PTFE membrane prevents particulate ingress; cleaning is more complete because the entire cake sits on a non-stick surface; ΔP stabilises quickly after each pulse-jet cycle.",[80,741,743],{"id":742},"where-ptfe-membrane-bags-are-specified","Where PTFE-membrane bags are specified",[201,745,746,752,755,758,761],{},[204,747,748,751],{},[64,749,750],{"href":322},"Waste-to-energy"," baghouses with strict particulate limits",[204,753,754],{},"Hazardous-waste incineration",[204,756,757],{},"Pharmaceutical and food-grade applications",[204,759,760],{},"Cement bypass baghouses",[204,762,763],{},"Replacements for conventional bags facing tightened emission limits",[80,765,767],{"id":766},"cleaning-compatibility","Cleaning compatibility",[55,769,770,771,773],{},"PTFE-membrane bags tolerate ",[64,772,483],{"href":419}," cleaning without surface damage, provided horns are mounted to project sound across the bag rows rather than directly at any single bag at close range.",[80,775,240],{"id":239},[201,777,778,782,786,790],{},[204,779,780],{},[64,781,47],{"href":286},[204,783,784],{},[64,785,90],{"href":89},[204,787,788],{},[64,789,211],{"href":210},[204,791,792],{},[64,793,471],{"href":419},{"title":275,"searchDepth":276,"depth":276,"links":795},[796,797,798,799],{"id":728,"depth":276,"text":729},{"id":742,"depth":276,"text":743},{"id":766,"depth":276,"text":767},{"id":239,"depth":276,"text":240},"A PTFE-membrane filter bag carries a microporous expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane laminated to the outside surface of a base felt (usually polyester, P84 or PPS). Particulate is trapped on the membrane surface rather than within the depth of the felt — surface filtration, also called cake filtration on a membrane. Outlet particulate of below 1 mg\u002FNm³ is routinely achievable.",{},[482,292,293,483],{"title":804,"description":805},"PTFE-membrane filter bag — surface filtration for sub-mg particulate","A PTFE-membrane filter bag has a microporous Teflon membrane laminated to the surface of a base felt. Particulate is trapped on the membrane, not within the depth, giving sub-mg outlet performance.",[807],{"title":808,"url":809},"Wikipedia — Polytetrafluoroethylene","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPolytetrafluoroethylene","glossary\u002Fptfe-membrane-filter-bag","xdkHgDGDp_b3Zu1LKD-pAzJu8fK5YBj49NQ-mU1snOM",{"id":813,"title":269,"aliases":814,"body":818,"category":281,"description":903,"extension":283,"meta":904,"navigation":285,"path":268,"relatedTerms":905,"seo":906,"sources":909,"stem":913,"term":269,"__hash__":914},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Ffibreglass-filter-bag.md",[815,816,817],"fibreglass bag","glass-fibre filter bag","woven fibreglass bag",{"type":52,"value":819,"toc":897},[820,830,834,845,849,872,876,881,883],[55,821,57,822,825,826,829],{},[59,823,824],{},"fibreglass filter bag"," is woven from glass-fibre yarn, normally finished with a PTFE, silicone or graphite coating to improve flex resistance and dust release. Continuous service rating is up to 260 °C, peaking briefly higher. Fibreglass is the standard bag medium for coal-fired utility ",[64,827,828],{"href":432},"reverse-air baghouses"," and for high-temperature cement-kiln duty.",[80,831,833],{"id":832},"strengths","Strengths",[201,835,836,839,842],{},[204,837,838],{},"Highest continuous-temperature rating of mainstream media (260 °C)",[204,840,841],{},"Dimensionally stable, low thermal shrinkage",[204,843,844],{},"Compatible with sulphurous flue gas after appropriate coating",[80,846,848],{"id":847},"weaknesses","Weaknesses",[201,850,851,862,869],{},[204,852,853,854,858,859,861],{},"Brittle — does not tolerate sharp flexing from aggressive ",[64,855,857],{"href":856},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-cleaning-cycle","pulse-jet cleaning","; favours ",[64,860,433],{"href":432}," design",[204,863,864,865,868],{},"Limited cleanability — cake can adhere; often paired with a ",[64,866,867],{"href":94},"PTFE membrane"," overlay for tighter outlet limits",[204,870,871],{},"Hydrolyses below the acid dew point in sulphurous gas",[80,873,875],{"id":874},"acoustic-cleaning-compatibility","Acoustic cleaning compatibility",[55,877,878,880],{},[64,879,420],{"href":419}," installed on a reverse-air fibreglass baghouse supplement the gentle reverse-air cycle without the bag-flex fatigue that would arise from more aggressive primary cleaning. This is a particularly well-suited combination on coal-fired utility duty.",[80,882,240],{"id":239},[201,884,885,889,893],{},[204,886,887],{},[64,888,47],{"href":286},[204,890,891],{},[64,892,572],{"href":432},[204,894,895],{},[64,896,263],{"href":94},{"title":275,"searchDepth":276,"depth":276,"links":898},[899,900,901,902],{"id":832,"depth":276,"text":833},{"id":847,"depth":276,"text":848},{"id":874,"depth":276,"text":875},{"id":239,"depth":276,"text":240},"A fibreglass filter bag is woven from glass-fibre yarn, normally finished with a PTFE, silicone or graphite coating to improve flex resistance and dust release. Continuous service rating is up to 260 °C, peaking briefly higher. Fibreglass is the standard bag medium for coal-fired utility reverse-air baghouses and for high-temperature cement-kiln duty.",{},[482,481,290],{"title":907,"description":908},"Fibreglass filter bag — high-temperature woven glass-fibre media","A fibreglass filter bag is woven from glass-fibre yarn and rated for continuous service to 260 °C. The standard bag for coal-fired utility reverse-air baghouses and high-temperature cement duty.",[910],{"title":911,"url":912},"Wikipedia — Glass fiber","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGlass_fiber","glossary\u002Ffibreglass-filter-bag","K4E_bDUfLfeDnwtweWrmFOhrQheCTeIO81M9O_GC1Oc",{"id":916,"title":90,"aliases":917,"body":924,"category":281,"description":1051,"extension":283,"meta":1052,"navigation":285,"path":89,"relatedTerms":1053,"seo":1054,"sources":1057,"stem":1064,"term":1065,"__hash__":1066},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fp84-nomex-ryton-filter-media.md",[918,919,920,921,922,923],"P84 filter bag","Nomex filter bag","Ryton filter bag","PPS filter bag","polyimide filter bag","aramid filter bag",{"type":52,"value":925,"toc":1046},[926,941,945,1014,1018,1030,1032],[55,927,928,429,931,91,934,937,938,940],{},[59,929,930],{},"P84",[59,932,933],{},"Nomex",[59,935,936],{},"Ryton"," are three mainstream high-temperature synthetic ",[64,939,482],{"href":286}," media used in industrial baghouses. Each is engineered for a different combination of temperature and gas chemistry.",[80,942,944],{"id":943},"side-by-side","Side-by-side",[98,946,947,964],{},[101,948,949],{},[104,950,951,954,957,960,962],{},[107,952,953],{},"Media",[107,955,956],{},"Polymer",[107,958,959],{},"Continuous max temp",[107,961,833],{},[107,963,115],{},[117,965,966,981,999],{},[104,967,968,970,973,975,978],{},[122,969,933],{},[122,971,972],{},"Meta-aramid",[122,974,149],{},[122,976,977],{},"Good flex life, dimensional stability",[122,979,980],{},"Asphalt, foundry, metallurgical off-gas",[104,982,983,985,988,990,993],{},[122,984,930],{},[122,986,987],{},"Polyimide",[122,989,160],{},[122,991,992],{},"High fibre surface area; excellent dust release; ideal for sticky dust",[122,994,995,996,998],{},"Cement kiln, lime kiln, ",[64,997,327],{"href":322},", iron-ore pelletising",[104,1000,1001,1003,1006,1008,1011],{},[122,1002,168],{},[122,1004,1005],{},"Polyphenylene sulphide",[122,1007,171],{},[122,1009,1010],{},"Excellent acid resistance, including sulphurous and dilute mineral acids",[122,1012,1013],{},"Coal-fired utility baghouses, sulphur recovery, WtE",[80,1015,1017],{"id":1016},"selection-logic","Selection logic",[55,1019,1020,1021,91,1024,1027,1028,96],{},"The choice is usually constrained by two questions: ",[718,1022,1023],{},"what is the highest continuous temperature?",[718,1025,1026],{},"is the flue gas chemically aggressive — sulphurous, acidic, hygroscopic?"," P84 is favoured where dust is sticky and temperature is high. Ryton is favoured where SO₂\u002FSO₃ chemistry attacks lesser media. Nomex is the budget high-temperature option for less aggressive duty. For sub-1 mg\u002FNm³ outlets, any of these are typically overlaid with a ",[64,1029,867],{"href":94},[80,1031,240],{"id":239},[201,1033,1034,1038,1042],{},[204,1035,1036],{},[64,1037,47],{"href":286},[204,1039,1040],{},[64,1041,263],{"href":94},[204,1043,1044],{},[64,1045,269],{"href":268},{"title":275,"searchDepth":276,"depth":276,"links":1047},[1048,1049,1050],{"id":943,"depth":276,"text":944},{"id":1016,"depth":276,"text":1017},{"id":239,"depth":276,"text":240},"P84, Nomex and Ryton are three mainstream high-temperature synthetic filter-bag media used in industrial baghouses. Each is engineered for a different combination of temperature and gas chemistry.",{},[482,290,291],{"title":1055,"description":1056},"P84, Nomex and Ryton — high-temperature synthetic filter media compared","P84 (polyimide), Nomex (aramid) and Ryton (PPS) are the three mainstream high-temperature synthetic filter media for baghouses. Each is matched to a different gas chemistry.",[1058,1061],{"title":1059,"url":1060},"Wikipedia — Polyphenylene sulfide","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPolyphenylene_sulfide",{"title":1062,"url":1063},"Wikipedia — Aramid","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAramid","glossary\u002Fp84-nomex-ryton-filter-media","P84, Nomex and Ryton filter media","4OnX2N85IrlUTdns6Bo5OfpVG45TlyWilO_Te5gJ4vM",{"id":1068,"title":211,"aliases":1069,"body":1072,"category":281,"description":1211,"extension":283,"meta":1212,"navigation":285,"path":210,"relatedTerms":1213,"seo":1216,"sources":1219,"stem":1221,"term":211,"__hash__":1222},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbag-blinding.md",[1070,1071],"filter bag blinding","bag binding",{"type":52,"value":1073,"toc":1205},[1074,1090,1094,1134,1138,1159,1163,1178,1180],[55,1075,1076,1078,1079,1082,1083,1086,1087,1089],{},[59,1077,211],{}," is the choking of a ",[64,1080,1081],{"href":286},"filter bag's"," pore structure by dust that has worked its way into the fabric itself rather than remaining on the surface. Once embedded, the dust cannot be released by any normal ",[64,1084,1085],{"href":856},"cleaning cycle","; ",[64,1088,443],{"href":442}," rises and stays high. Blinding is the leading cause of premature bag replacement on most industrial baghouses.",[80,1091,1093],{"id":1092},"when-blinding-accelerates","When blinding accelerates",[201,1095,1096,1102,1108,1114,1125],{},[204,1097,1098,1101],{},[59,1099,1100],{},"Acid dew-point excursions"," — condensed acid bonds dust into the fabric",[204,1103,1104,1107],{},[59,1105,1106],{},"Hygroscopic dust"," — moisture pickup turns surface dust into a wet paste",[204,1109,1110,1113],{},[59,1111,1112],{},"Tar or oil aerosol"," in the inlet gas",[204,1115,1116,1124],{},[59,1117,1118,1119,1123],{},"Excessive bag-velocity (",[64,1120,1122],{"href":1121},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fair-to-cloth-ratio","air-to-cloth ratio",")"," — forces particulate into the pores",[204,1126,1127],{},[59,1128,1129,1130,434,1132],{},"Sub-micron ash from ",[64,1131,530],{"href":322},[64,1133,327],{"href":322},[80,1135,1137],{"id":1136},"mitigation","Mitigation",[201,1139,1140,1143,1150,1153],{},[204,1141,1142],{},"Maintain gas temperature above the acid dew point (typically 130–150 °C)",[204,1144,1145,1146,1149],{},"Use ",[64,1147,1148],{"href":94},"PTFE-membrane bags"," for surface filtration where chemistry warrants",[204,1151,1152],{},"Right-size the baghouse so air-to-cloth ratio stays moderate",[204,1154,1145,1155,1158],{},[64,1156,1157],{"href":419},"sonic horns"," to keep cake from consolidating into the medium before each pulse",[80,1160,1162],{"id":1161},"distinguishing-from-cake-bridging","Distinguishing from cake bridging",[55,1164,1165,1169,1170,1173,1174,1177],{},[64,1166,1168],{"href":1167},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcake-bridging-cake-blinding","Cake bridging"," is a ",[718,1171,1172],{},"cake-on-surface"," problem and is fixable with better cleaning. Blinding is ",[718,1175,1176],{},"dust-in-fabric"," and is not fixable without bag replacement.",[80,1179,240],{"id":239},[201,1181,1182,1187,1193,1197,1201],{},[204,1183,1184],{},[64,1185,1186],{"href":1167},"Cake bridging \u002F cake blinding",[204,1188,1189],{},[64,1190,1192],{"href":1191},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffilter-cake","Filter cake",[204,1194,1195],{},[64,1196,47],{"href":286},[204,1198,1199],{},[64,1200,466],{"href":442},[204,1202,1203],{},[64,1204,471],{"href":419},{"title":275,"searchDepth":276,"depth":276,"links":1206},[1207,1208,1209,1210],{"id":1092,"depth":276,"text":1093},{"id":1136,"depth":276,"text":1137},{"id":1161,"depth":276,"text":1162},{"id":239,"depth":276,"text":240},"Bag blinding is the choking of a filter bag's pore structure by dust that has worked its way into the fabric itself rather than remaining on the surface. Once embedded, the dust cannot be released by any normal cleaning cycle; differential pressure rises and stays high. Blinding is the leading cause of premature bag replacement on most industrial baghouses.",{},[1214,1215,482,484,483],"cake-bridging-cake-blinding","filter-cake",{"title":1217,"description":1218},"Bag blinding — pore choking that destroys baghouse performance","Bag blinding is the choking of filter-bag pores by dust embedded within the medium. It raises differential pressure permanently and is the leading cause of premature bag replacement.",[1220],{"title":299,"url":300},"glossary\u002Fbag-blinding","-0FrhXk5-j24S5xuHXl-Fl5tAcqRGunLiGuaHiN9eWQ",1782613721193]