[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":694},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:detonation-cleaning":45,"glossary-related:detonation-cleaning":223},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":52,"category":204,"description":205,"extension":206,"meta":207,"navigation":208,"path":209,"relatedTerms":210,"seo":214,"sources":217,"stem":221,"term":47,"__hash__":222},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fdetonation-cleaning.md","Detonation cleaning",[49,50,51],"shock wave cleaning","pulse detonation cleaning","Bang & Clean",{"type":53,"value":54,"toc":198},"minimark",[55,75,80,171,174,178],[56,57,58,61,62,64,65,70,71,74],"p",{},[59,60,47],"strong",{}," uses a controlled pulse-detonation device — a small chamber where a gaseous fuel-air mixture is ignited — to generate high-energy shock waves projected into the boiler. The shock waves dislodge consolidated deposits that lighter cleaning methods cannot remove. The best-known commercial offering is the Swiss-based ",[59,63,51],{}," system, marketed primarily for ",[66,67,69],"a",{"href":68},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaste-to-energy","WtE",", ",[66,72,73],{"href":68},"biomass",", and lignite-fired boilers with persistent fouling.",[76,77,79],"h2",{"id":78},"trade-offs-vs-sonic-horns","Trade-offs vs sonic horns",[81,82,83,101],"table",{},[84,85,86],"thead",{},[87,88,89,93,95],"tr",{},[90,91,92],"th",{},"Attribute",[90,94,47],{},[90,96,97],{},[66,98,100],{"href":99},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","Sonic horn",[102,103,104,116,127,138,149,160],"tbody",{},[87,105,106,110,113],{},[107,108,109],"td",{},"Energy per shot",[107,111,112],{},"Very high",[107,114,115],{},"Low",[87,117,118,121,124],{},[107,119,120],{},"Frequency",[107,122,123],{},"Episodic (per shift)",[107,125,126],{},"Continuous (every few minutes)",[87,128,129,132,135],{},[107,130,131],{},"Damage potential",[107,133,134],{},"Documented on weld points if mis-targeted",[107,136,137],{},"None",[87,139,140,143,146],{},[107,141,142],{},"Capital cost per unit",[107,144,145],{},"Higher",[107,147,148],{},"Lower",[87,150,151,154,157],{},[107,152,153],{},"Best application",[107,155,156],{},"Hard consolidated deposits, periodic remediation",[107,158,159],{},"Continuous prevention",[87,161,162,165,168],{},[107,163,164],{},"Operator presence required",[107,166,167],{},"Yes for each shot",[107,169,170],{},"No, fully automatic",[56,172,173],{},"The two technologies are complementary: sonic horns prevent the buildup that detonation cleaning is otherwise needed to remove, allowing detonation cycles to be reduced in frequency.",[76,175,177],{"id":176},"related-terms","Related terms",[179,180,181,188,194],"ul",{},[182,183,184],"li",{},[66,185,187],{"href":186},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fexplosive-deslagging","Explosive deslagging",[182,189,190],{},[66,191,193],{"href":192},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fshock-pulse-generator","Shock-pulse generator",[182,195,196],{},[66,197,100],{"href":99},{"title":199,"searchDepth":200,"depth":200,"links":201},"",2,[202,203],{"id":78,"depth":200,"text":79},{"id":176,"depth":200,"text":177},"alternative-cleaning","Detonation cleaning uses a controlled pulse-detonation device — a small chamber where a gaseous fuel-air mixture is ignited — to generate high-energy shock waves projected into the boiler. The shock waves dislodge consolidated deposits that lighter cleaning methods cannot remove. The best-known commercial offering is the Swiss-based Bang & Clean system, marketed primarily for WtE, biomass, and lignite-fired boilers with persistent fouling.","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdetonation-cleaning",[211,212,213],"explosive-deslagging","shock-pulse-generator","sonic-horn",{"title":215,"description":216},"Detonation cleaning — controlled shock-wave cleaning of boiler internals","Detonation cleaning uses a controlled pulse-detonation device to generate high-energy shock waves that dislodge boiler deposits. Best-known commercial offering is Bang & Clean.",[218],{"title":219,"url":220},"Energy Central — Comparison of Online Backpass Cleaning Technologies","https:\u002F\u002Fenergycentral.com\u002Fc\u002Fgn\u002Fcomparison-online-backpass-cleaning-technologies-detonation-acoustic-and","glossary\u002Fdetonation-cleaning","_e6HnLwjNKMF5qkDU4-Je3xe3q9P-QpVIt8IjJnshn8",[224,341,463],{"id":225,"title":187,"aliases":226,"body":230,"category":204,"description":326,"extension":206,"meta":327,"navigation":208,"path":186,"relatedTerms":328,"seo":332,"sources":335,"stem":339,"term":187,"__hash__":340},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fexplosive-deslagging.md",[227,228,229],"explosive cleaning","controlled-detonation cleaning","dynamite deslagging",{"type":53,"value":231,"toc":321},[232,250,254,265,269,295,301,303],[56,233,234,236,237,70,241,245,246,249],{},[59,235,187],{}," uses controlled charges of solid explosive to fragment severe boiler slag during planned outages. Specialist contractor crews place charges in defined positions on accumulated slag masses; the detonation cracks the slag into manageable fragments that can then be removed manually or by mechanical equipment. Explosive deslagging is reserved for the toughest cases — where ",[66,238,240],{"href":239},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwater-cannon","water cannons",[66,242,244],{"href":243},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsteam-sootblower","steam sootblowers"," and ",[66,247,248],{"href":209},"detonation cleaning"," have all failed to control slag during operation.",[76,251,253],{"id":252},"why-it-persists","Why it persists",[179,255,256,259,262],{},[182,257,258],{},"Some severely-fouled boilers cannot be returned to service without explosive intervention",[182,260,261],{},"The economic alternative (extended manual cleaning, or boiler scrap-out) is worse",[182,263,264],{},"Specialist contractors maintain the niche expertise",[76,266,268],{"id":267},"trade-offs","Trade-offs",[179,270,271,277,283,289],{},[182,272,273,276],{},[59,274,275],{},"Permit burden"," — explosive handling, transport and use are heavily regulated",[182,278,279,282],{},[59,280,281],{},"Operator HSE risk"," — explosive work in a confined boiler shell",[182,284,285,288],{},[59,286,287],{},"Refractory and tube damage potential"," — over-charging risks structural damage",[182,290,291,294],{},[59,292,293],{},"Insurance complexity"," — many insurers view explosive cleaning as elevated risk",[56,296,297,300],{},[66,298,299],{"href":99},"Sonic horns"," installed during normal operation reduce the slag accumulation that would otherwise eventually require explosive intervention. Plants with explosive-deslagging history are particularly receptive to acoustic-horn proposals.",[76,302,177],{"id":176},[179,304,305,309,315],{},[182,306,307],{},[66,308,47],{"href":209},[182,310,311],{},[66,312,314],{"href":313},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fslagging","Slagging",[182,316,317],{},[66,318,320],{"href":319},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaterwall","Waterwall",{"title":199,"searchDepth":200,"depth":200,"links":322},[323,324,325],{"id":252,"depth":200,"text":253},{"id":267,"depth":200,"text":268},{"id":176,"depth":200,"text":177},"Explosive deslagging uses controlled charges of solid explosive to fragment severe boiler slag during planned outages. Specialist contractor crews place charges in defined positions on accumulated slag masses; the detonation cracks the slag into manageable fragments that can then be removed manually or by mechanical equipment. Explosive deslagging is reserved for the toughest cases — where water cannons, steam sootblowers and detonation cleaning have all failed to control slag during operation.",{},[329,330,331],"detonation-cleaning","slagging","waterwall",{"title":333,"description":334},"Explosive deslagging — controlled-explosive cleaning of severely-slagged boilers","Explosive deslagging uses controlled charges of solid explosive to fragment severe boiler slag during outages. Specialised contractor service; permit-heavy; for the toughest cases.",[336],{"title":337,"url":338},"Power Engineering — How to Deal with Ceaseless Slagging","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Foperations-maintenance\u002Fhow-to-deal-with-ceaseless-slagging\u002F","glossary\u002Fexplosive-deslagging","NsDARvUySn6eIBzaXoPgSCpTtMQeCn-gSGWBEYATaeg",{"id":342,"title":343,"aliases":344,"body":348,"category":204,"description":450,"extension":206,"meta":451,"navigation":208,"path":192,"relatedTerms":452,"seo":454,"sources":457,"stem":461,"term":193,"__hash__":462},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fshock-pulse-generator.md","Shock-pulse generator (SPG)",[345,346,347],"SPG","Valmet SPG","shock pulse generator",{"type":53,"value":349,"toc":445},[350,377,381,392,405,409,423,425],[56,351,352,353,356,357,359,360,364,365,245,369,373,374,376],{},"A ",[59,354,355],{},"shock-pulse generator (SPG)"," — most commonly the ",[59,358,346],{}," — generates high-energy gas-detonation shock waves inside a ",[66,361,363],{"href":362},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frecovery-boiler","recovery boiler"," for periodic deep cleaning of ",[66,366,368],{"href":367},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsuperheater","superheater",[66,370,372],{"href":371},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fgenerating-bank","generating-bank"," deposits. The technology shares its physical principle with ",[66,375,248],{"href":209}," but is specifically engineered for kraft-recovery-boiler service.",[76,378,380],{"id":379},"where-spg-fits","Where SPG fits",[179,382,383,386,389],{},[182,384,385],{},"Recovery-boiler superheater (high-value, deep cavities)",[182,387,388],{},"Recovery-boiler generating bank",[182,390,391],{},"Some industrial-boiler convective passes",[56,393,394,395,399,400,404],{},"The SPG is positioned as a complement to existing ",[66,396,398],{"href":397},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fik-long-retract-sootblower","IK long-retract sootblowers",", extending intervals between ",[66,401,403],{"href":402},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fchill-and-blow","chill-and-blow"," campaigns by handling consolidated deposits that sootblowers cannot dislodge.",[76,406,408],{"id":407},"position-relative-to-sonic-horns","Position relative to sonic horns",[56,410,411,413,414,418,419,422],{},[66,412,299],{"href":99}," work ",[415,416,417],"em",{},"before"," deposits consolidate — they keep ash friable so it can be dislodged by mild cleaning. SPG works ",[415,420,421],{},"after"," consolidation — it breaks hardened deposits that sonic horns could not have prevented. The two technologies operate at opposite ends of the same fouling cycle and are complementary rather than competitive.",[76,424,177],{"id":176},[179,426,427,431,436,441],{},[182,428,429],{},[66,430,47],{"href":209},[182,432,433],{},[66,434,435],{"href":362},"Recovery boiler",[182,437,438],{},[66,439,440],{"href":367},"Superheater",[182,442,443],{},[66,444,100],{"href":99},{"title":199,"searchDepth":200,"depth":200,"links":446},[447,448,449],{"id":379,"depth":200,"text":380},{"id":407,"depth":200,"text":408},{"id":176,"depth":200,"text":177},"A shock-pulse generator (SPG) — most commonly the Valmet SPG — generates high-energy gas-detonation shock waves inside a recovery boiler for periodic deep cleaning of superheater and generating-bank deposits. The technology shares its physical principle with detonation cleaning but is specifically engineered for kraft-recovery-boiler service.",{},[329,453,368,213],"recovery-boiler",{"title":455,"description":456},"Shock-pulse generator (SPG) — Valmet's gas-detonation cleaning system","The Valmet SPG generates high-energy gas-detonation shock waves inside the recovery boiler for periodic deep cleaning. Complementary to continuous sonic-horn cleaning.",[458],{"title":459,"url":460},"Valmet — Shock Pulse Generator","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.valmet.com\u002Fpulp\u002Fchemical-recovery\u002Frecovery-boilers\u002Fshock-pulse-generator\u002F","glossary\u002Fshock-pulse-generator","2iQaMLgxQEmWgLzgW3GFFVJmisTH9KMkVgTA_odCb4s",{"id":464,"title":100,"aliases":465,"body":469,"category":669,"description":670,"extension":206,"meta":671,"navigation":208,"path":99,"relatedTerms":672,"seo":679,"sources":682,"stem":692,"term":100,"__hash__":693},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn.md",[466,467,468],"sonic horns","sonic cleaning horn","industrial sonic horn",{"type":53,"value":470,"toc":662},[471,502,506,514,518,580,584,620,624,630,632],[56,472,352,473,476,477,481,482,70,486,70,490,70,494,245,497,501],{},[59,474,475],{},"sonic horn"," is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of ",[66,478,480],{"href":479},"\u002Fglossary\u002Facoustic-cleaner","acoustic cleaner"," and the default specification for cleaning ",[66,483,485],{"href":484},"\u002Fglossary\u002Felectrostatic-precipitator","ESPs",[66,487,489],{"href":488},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter","baghouses",[66,491,493],{"href":492},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fselective-catalytic-reduction","SCR catalysts",[66,495,496],{"href":367},"boiler heat-transfer surfaces",[66,498,500],{"href":499},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhopper","hoppers and silos",".",[76,503,505],{"id":504},"how-a-sonic-horn-works","How a sonic horn works",[56,507,508,509,513],{},"Compressed plant air admitted through a ",[66,510,512],{"href":511},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsolenoid-valve","solenoid valve"," drives a metal diaphragm — typically titanium or 316 stainless — into resonant oscillation at the horn's fundamental frequency. The oscillating pressure field is amplified by an exponential bell horn and projected into the vessel as a near-spherical sound wave. Particulate already deposited on internal surfaces receives an oscillating acceleration that overcomes adhesion; loosened material is then carried out with the gas flow before it can sinter, bridge or bond. Because the cleaning is acoustic and non-contact, the horn can fire while the plant is online without tube erosion, refractory damage or thermal shock.",[76,515,517],{"id":516},"key-parameters","Key parameters",[81,519,520,530],{},[84,521,522],{},[87,523,524,527],{},[90,525,526],{},"Parameter",[90,528,529],{},"Typical range",[102,531,532,540,548,556,564,572],{},[87,533,534,537],{},[107,535,536],{},"Fundamental frequency",[107,538,539],{},"60–400 Hz",[87,541,542,545],{},[107,543,544],{},"Sound pressure level",[107,546,547],{},"140–180 dB",[87,549,550,553],{},[107,551,552],{},"Compressed-air consumption",[107,554,555],{},"8–14 Nm³\u002Fmin at 4–7 bar",[87,557,558,561],{},[107,559,560],{},"Operating temperature (with appropriate materials)",[107,562,563],{},"−40 °C to +500 °C",[87,565,566,569],{},[107,567,568],{},"Firing cycle",[107,570,571],{},"5–15 s burst, repeated every 3–15 minutes",[87,573,574,577],{},[107,575,576],{},"Mass",[107,578,579],{},"15–60 kg depending on horn size",[76,581,583],{"id":582},"frequency-selection","Frequency selection",[56,585,586,587,70,591,594,595,70,599,603,604,70,607,611,612,245,616,501],{},"Lower frequencies (60–125 Hz) project longer wavelengths and penetrate further into large open vessels — ",[66,588,590],{"href":589},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-cyclone","preheater cyclones",[66,592,593],{"href":362},"recovery-boiler superheaters",", large ",[66,596,598],{"href":597},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fesp-field-bus-section","ESP fields",[66,600,602],{"href":601},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsilo","silos",". Higher frequencies (230–400 Hz) carry more energy per unit volume and suit finer dust loads in ",[66,605,606],{"href":488},"fabric-filter compartments",[66,608,610],{"href":609},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhoneycomb-catalyst","catalyst layers"," and smaller hopper geometries. See ",[66,613,615],{"href":614},"\u002Fglossary\u002Flow-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","low-frequency acoustic cleaner",[66,617,619],{"href":618},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhigh-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","high-frequency acoustic cleaner",[76,621,623],{"id":622},"sonic-horn-vs-steam-sootblower","Sonic horn vs steam sootblower",[56,625,626,627,629],{},"Sonic horns are increasingly specified alongside or in place of ",[66,628,244],{"href":243}," because they consume no boiler-grade steam, cause no tube erosion, require almost no moving parts and can fire every few minutes without operator intervention. They are less effective on hard, fused slag than retractable steam lances, so on furnace waterwalls and high-temperature superheaters they typically complement rather than replace mechanical cleaning.",[76,631,177],{"id":176},[179,633,634,639,645,651,657],{},[182,635,636],{},[66,637,638],{"href":479},"Acoustic cleaner",[182,640,641],{},[66,642,644],{"href":643},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-sootblower","Sonic sootblower",[182,646,647],{},[66,648,650],{"href":649},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbell-horn","Bell horn",[182,652,653],{},[66,654,656],{"href":655},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdiaphragm-horn","Diaphragm horn",[182,658,659],{},[66,660,661],{"href":614},"Low-frequency acoustic cleaner",{"title":199,"searchDepth":200,"depth":200,"links":663},[664,665,666,667,668],{"id":504,"depth":200,"text":505},{"id":516,"depth":200,"text":517},{"id":582,"depth":200,"text":583},{"id":622,"depth":200,"text":623},{"id":176,"depth":200,"text":177},"core-technology","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of acoustic cleaner and the default specification for cleaning ESPs, baghouses, SCR catalysts, boiler heat-transfer surfaces and hoppers and silos.",{},[673,674,675,676,677,678],"acoustic-cleaner","acoustic-cleaning-system","sonic-sootblower","bell-horn","diaphragm-horn","low-frequency-acoustic-cleaner",{"title":680,"description":681},"Sonic horn — definition, frequency, SPL and industrial applications","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven low-frequency sound emitter (typically 60–400 Hz at 140–180 dB SPL) used to dislodge particulate fouling from boilers, ESPs, baghouses and process vessels.",[683,686,689],{"title":684,"url":685},"Power Engineering — Sonic Horns: A User's Introduction","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Fsonic-horns-a-userrsquos-introduction\u002F",{"title":687,"url":688},"Power Engineering — Tuning in to Acoustic Cleaning","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Ftuning-in-to-acoustic-cleaning\u002F",{"title":690,"url":691},"Wikipedia — Sonic soot blowers","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSonic_soot_blowers","glossary\u002Fsonic-horn","YzrhN0kKzqSaQo0wfn0rueNZ-V43mcg5zahqeWi3lnU",1782613718551]