[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":644},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:coke-oven-battery":45,"glossary-related:coke-oven-battery":158},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":52,"category":139,"description":140,"extension":141,"meta":142,"navigation":143,"path":144,"relatedTerms":145,"seo":149,"sources":152,"stem":156,"term":47,"__hash__":157},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fcoke-oven-battery.md","Coke oven battery",[49,50,51],"coke oven","coke battery","by-product coke battery",{"type":53,"value":54,"toc":132},"minimark",[55,64,69,97,101,109,113],[56,57,58,59,63],"p",{},"A ",[60,61,62],"strong",{},"coke oven battery"," is an array of tall, narrow refractory-lined ovens in which coking coal is heated in the absence of air to produce metallurgical coke for the blast furnace. The process produces large quantities of by-product gas and tar, captured by the by-product plant.",[65,66,68],"h2",{"id":67},"cleaning-targets","Cleaning targets",[70,71,72,79,85,91],"ul",{},[73,74,75,78],"li",{},[60,76,77],{},"Coke-side pushing-emission baghouse (PEC)"," — captures dust released when hot coke is pushed from the oven into the quench car",[73,80,81,84],{},[60,82,83],{},"Charging emissions baghouse"," — dust released during coal charging",[73,86,87,90],{},[60,88,89],{},"By-product gas dust collection"," — particulate in the raw coke-oven gas before processing",[73,92,93,96],{},[60,94,95],{},"Stack-line cleaning"," for waste-heat recovery boilers",[65,98,100],{"id":99},"sonic-horn-duty","Sonic-horn duty",[56,102,103,108],{},[104,105,107],"a",{"href":106},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","Sonic horns"," on PEC and charging baghouse hoppers prevent the sticky coal-and-coke-dust mix from bridging — a particularly hard duty because of the cohesive, partly-tarry deposit character.",[65,110,112],{"id":111},"related-terms","Related terms",[70,114,115,121,127],{},[73,116,117],{},[104,118,120],{"href":119},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fblast-furnace-gas-cleaning","Blast-furnace gas cleaning",[73,122,123],{},[104,124,126],{"href":125},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse","Baghouse",[73,128,129],{},[104,130,131],{"href":106},"Sonic horn",{"title":133,"searchDepth":134,"depth":134,"links":135},"",2,[136,137,138],{"id":67,"depth":134,"text":68},{"id":99,"depth":134,"text":100},{"id":111,"depth":134,"text":112},"steel-refining","A coke oven battery is an array of tall, narrow refractory-lined ovens in which coking coal is heated in the absence of air to produce metallurgical coke for the blast furnace. The process produces large quantities of by-product gas and tar, captured by the by-product plant.","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcoke-oven-battery",[146,147,148],"blast-furnace-gas-cleaning","baghouse","sonic-horn",{"title":150,"description":151},"Coke oven battery — destructive distillation of coking coal to metallurgical coke","A coke oven battery destructively distils coking coal into metallurgical coke for the blast furnace. Coke-side and pushing emissions are tightly regulated and require dust collection.",[153],{"title":154,"url":155},"Wikipedia — Coke (fuel)","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCoke_(fuel)","glossary\u002Fcoke-oven-battery","SiXhmhT1RFNAi0BQQkqCxEpbz5wSu7GnTGPVJvdLvhU",[159,284,410],{"id":160,"title":120,"aliases":161,"body":165,"category":139,"description":269,"extension":141,"meta":270,"navigation":143,"path":119,"relatedTerms":271,"seo":275,"sources":278,"stem":282,"term":120,"__hash__":283},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fblast-furnace-gas-cleaning.md",[162,163,164],"BF gas cleaning","top-gas cleaning","BFG cleaning",{"type":53,"value":166,"toc":265},[167,172,237,239,244,246],[56,168,169,171],{},[60,170,120],{}," is the multi-stage flue-gas treatment train that removes particulate from the blast furnace's top gas before the gas is used as a fuel in the steelworks' downstream boilers and stoves. The high pressure and high dust loading of blast-furnace top gas demand a sequence of progressively finer cleaning steps:",[173,174,175,191],"table",{},[176,177,178],"thead",{},[179,180,181,185,188],"tr",{},[182,183,184],"th",{},"Stage",[182,186,187],{},"Equipment",[182,189,190],{},"Function",[192,193,194,209,223],"tbody",{},[179,195,196,200,206],{},[197,198,199],"td",{},"1",[197,201,202],{},[104,203,205],{"href":204},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdust-catcher","Dust catcher",[197,207,208],{},"Large inertial separator removing coarse particulate",[179,210,211,214,220],{},[197,212,213],{},"2",[197,215,216],{},[104,217,219],{"href":218},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fventuri-scrubber","Venturi scrubber",[197,221,222],{},"High-energy wet scrubbing for fine particulate",[179,224,225,228,234],{},[197,226,227],{},"3",[197,229,230],{},[104,231,233],{"href":232},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwet-esp","Wet ESP",[197,235,236],{},"Final polish for sub-micron particulate",[65,238,100],{"id":99},[56,240,241,243],{},[104,242,107],{"href":106}," on the dust-catcher hopper prevent bridging of the coarse iron-oxide dust. Some installations also use horns on the wet-ESP sludge handling hoppers.",[65,245,112],{"id":111},[70,247,248,252,256,261],{},[73,249,250],{},[104,251,205],{"href":204},[73,253,254],{},[104,255,219],{"href":218},[73,257,258],{},[104,259,260],{"href":232},"Wet ESP (WESP)",[73,262,263],{},[104,264,131],{"href":106},{"title":133,"searchDepth":134,"depth":134,"links":266},[267,268],{"id":99,"depth":134,"text":100},{"id":111,"depth":134,"text":112},"Blast-furnace gas cleaning is the multi-stage flue-gas treatment train that removes particulate from the blast furnace's top gas before the gas is used as a fuel in the steelworks' downstream boilers and stoves. The high pressure and high dust loading of blast-furnace top gas demand a sequence of progressively finer cleaning steps:",{},[272,273,274,148],"dust-catcher","venturi-scrubber","wet-esp",{"title":276,"description":277},"Blast-furnace gas cleaning — multi-stage train for top-gas particulate removal","Blast-furnace top gas is cleaned in a multi-stage train: dust catcher, Venturi scrubber, wet ESP. Bridging in dust-catcher hoppers is a recurring operational issue.",[279],{"title":280,"url":281},"Wikipedia — Blast furnace","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBlast_furnace","glossary\u002Fblast-furnace-gas-cleaning","jCqWkM__E8bvV4fPa3r7WviLwhXfMI93u1Brn0m27lk",{"id":285,"title":126,"aliases":286,"body":290,"category":147,"description":394,"extension":141,"meta":395,"navigation":143,"path":125,"relatedTerms":396,"seo":401,"sources":404,"stem":408,"term":126,"__hash__":409},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse.md",[287,288,289],"baghouses","bag filter house","dust collector house",{"type":53,"value":291,"toc":389},[292,312,316,329,333,336,353,355],[56,293,58,294,296,297,301,302,306,307,311],{},[60,295,147],{}," is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, ",[104,298,300],{"href":299},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ftubesheet","tubesheet",", ",[104,303,305],{"href":304},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fplenum-clean-side-dirty-side","plenums"," and hoppers of a ",[104,308,310],{"href":309},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter","fabric-filter"," dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",[65,313,315],{"id":314},"compartmented-design","Compartmented design",[56,317,318,319,323,324,328],{},"Large industrial baghouses are subdivided into several compartments — each with its own gas-flow damper — so that one compartment can be isolated for offline cleaning or bag replacement while the rest stay online. The standard ",[104,320,322],{"href":321},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse","pulse-jet"," compartment count for utility duty is 8–16; cement and ",[104,325,327],{"href":326},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaste-to-energy","WtE"," baghouses may run 20+.",[65,330,332],{"id":331},"why-sonic-horns-help","Why sonic horns help",[56,334,335],{},"Sonic horns mounted at compartment level address fouling that the primary cleaning system (pulse-jet, reverse-air or shaker) cannot reach:",[70,337,338,341,347,350],{},[73,339,340],{},"Bag-row dead zones at the back of the compartment",[73,342,343,346],{},[104,344,345],{"href":299},"Tubesheet"," area dust deposits",[73,348,349],{},"Hopper bridging below the bags",[73,351,352],{},"Inlet-plenum dust dropout",[65,354,112],{"id":111},[70,356,357,362,367,373,379,385],{},[73,358,359],{},[104,360,361],{"href":309},"Fabric filter",[73,363,364],{},[104,365,366],{"href":321},"Pulse-jet baghouse",[73,368,369],{},[104,370,372],{"href":371},"\u002Fglossary\u002Freverse-air-baghouse","Reverse-air baghouse",[73,374,375],{},[104,376,378],{"href":377},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fshaker-baghouse","Shaker baghouse",[73,380,381],{},[104,382,384],{"href":383},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcompartment-isolation","Compartment isolation",[73,386,387],{},[104,388,131],{"href":106},{"title":133,"searchDepth":134,"depth":134,"links":390},[391,392,393],{"id":314,"depth":134,"text":315},{"id":331,"depth":134,"text":332},{"id":111,"depth":134,"text":112},"A baghouse is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, tubesheet, plenums and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",{},[310,397,398,399,400,148],"pulse-jet-baghouse","reverse-air-baghouse","shaker-baghouse","compartment-isolation",{"title":402,"description":403},"Baghouse — vessel that houses fabric-filter bags for industrial dust control","A baghouse is the structural enclosure that holds the bags, cages, tubesheet, cleaning system and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. Sized in compartments for online isolation.",[405],{"title":406,"url":407},"Wikipedia — Baghouse","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaghouse","glossary\u002Fbaghouse","TraeRQp5lNGOrkFkwjsoYRrhIIRrMkFonwryXyc1wGw",{"id":411,"title":131,"aliases":412,"body":416,"category":619,"description":620,"extension":141,"meta":621,"navigation":143,"path":106,"relatedTerms":622,"seo":629,"sources":632,"stem":642,"term":131,"__hash__":643},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn.md",[413,414,415],"sonic horns","sonic cleaning horn","industrial sonic horn",{"type":53,"value":417,"toc":612},[418,449,453,461,465,527,531,568,572,580,582],[56,419,58,420,423,424,428,429,301,433,301,435,301,439,443,444,448],{},[60,421,422],{},"sonic horn"," is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of ",[104,425,427],{"href":426},"\u002Fglossary\u002Facoustic-cleaner","acoustic cleaner"," and the default specification for cleaning ",[104,430,432],{"href":431},"\u002Fglossary\u002Felectrostatic-precipitator","ESPs",[104,434,287],{"href":309},[104,436,438],{"href":437},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fselective-catalytic-reduction","SCR catalysts",[104,440,442],{"href":441},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsuperheater","boiler heat-transfer surfaces"," and ",[104,445,447],{"href":446},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhopper","hoppers and silos",".",[65,450,452],{"id":451},"how-a-sonic-horn-works","How a sonic horn works",[56,454,455,456,460],{},"Compressed plant air admitted through a ",[104,457,459],{"href":458},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsolenoid-valve","solenoid valve"," drives a metal diaphragm — typically titanium or 316 stainless — into resonant oscillation at the horn's fundamental frequency. The oscillating pressure field is amplified by an exponential bell horn and projected into the vessel as a near-spherical sound wave. Particulate already deposited on internal surfaces receives an oscillating acceleration that overcomes adhesion; loosened material is then carried out with the gas flow before it can sinter, bridge or bond. Because the cleaning is acoustic and non-contact, the horn can fire while the plant is online without tube erosion, refractory damage or thermal shock.",[65,462,464],{"id":463},"key-parameters","Key parameters",[173,466,467,477],{},[176,468,469],{},[179,470,471,474],{},[182,472,473],{},"Parameter",[182,475,476],{},"Typical range",[192,478,479,487,495,503,511,519],{},[179,480,481,484],{},[197,482,483],{},"Fundamental frequency",[197,485,486],{},"60–400 Hz",[179,488,489,492],{},[197,490,491],{},"Sound pressure level",[197,493,494],{},"140–180 dB",[179,496,497,500],{},[197,498,499],{},"Compressed-air consumption",[197,501,502],{},"8–14 Nm³\u002Fmin at 4–7 bar",[179,504,505,508],{},[197,506,507],{},"Operating temperature (with appropriate materials)",[197,509,510],{},"−40 °C to +500 °C",[179,512,513,516],{},[197,514,515],{},"Firing cycle",[197,517,518],{},"5–15 s burst, repeated every 3–15 minutes",[179,520,521,524],{},[197,522,523],{},"Mass",[197,525,526],{},"15–60 kg depending on horn size",[65,528,530],{"id":529},"frequency-selection","Frequency selection",[56,532,533,534,301,538,542,543,301,547,551,552,301,555,559,560,443,564,448],{},"Lower frequencies (60–125 Hz) project longer wavelengths and penetrate further into large open vessels — ",[104,535,537],{"href":536},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-cyclone","preheater cyclones",[104,539,541],{"href":540},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frecovery-boiler","recovery-boiler superheaters",", large ",[104,544,546],{"href":545},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fesp-field-bus-section","ESP fields",[104,548,550],{"href":549},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsilo","silos",". Higher frequencies (230–400 Hz) carry more energy per unit volume and suit finer dust loads in ",[104,553,554],{"href":309},"fabric-filter compartments",[104,556,558],{"href":557},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhoneycomb-catalyst","catalyst layers"," and smaller hopper geometries. See ",[104,561,563],{"href":562},"\u002Fglossary\u002Flow-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","low-frequency acoustic cleaner",[104,565,567],{"href":566},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhigh-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","high-frequency acoustic cleaner",[65,569,571],{"id":570},"sonic-horn-vs-steam-sootblower","Sonic horn vs steam sootblower",[56,573,574,575,579],{},"Sonic horns are increasingly specified alongside or in place of ",[104,576,578],{"href":577},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsteam-sootblower","steam sootblowers"," because they consume no boiler-grade steam, cause no tube erosion, require almost no moving parts and can fire every few minutes without operator intervention. They are less effective on hard, fused slag than retractable steam lances, so on furnace waterwalls and high-temperature superheaters they typically complement rather than replace mechanical cleaning.",[65,581,112],{"id":111},[70,583,584,589,595,601,607],{},[73,585,586],{},[104,587,588],{"href":426},"Acoustic cleaner",[73,590,591],{},[104,592,594],{"href":593},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-sootblower","Sonic sootblower",[73,596,597],{},[104,598,600],{"href":599},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbell-horn","Bell horn",[73,602,603],{},[104,604,606],{"href":605},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdiaphragm-horn","Diaphragm horn",[73,608,609],{},[104,610,611],{"href":562},"Low-frequency acoustic cleaner",{"title":133,"searchDepth":134,"depth":134,"links":613},[614,615,616,617,618],{"id":451,"depth":134,"text":452},{"id":463,"depth":134,"text":464},{"id":529,"depth":134,"text":530},{"id":570,"depth":134,"text":571},{"id":111,"depth":134,"text":112},"core-technology","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of acoustic cleaner and the default specification for cleaning ESPs, baghouses, SCR catalysts, boiler heat-transfer surfaces and hoppers and silos.",{},[623,624,625,626,627,628],"acoustic-cleaner","acoustic-cleaning-system","sonic-sootblower","bell-horn","diaphragm-horn","low-frequency-acoustic-cleaner",{"title":630,"description":631},"Sonic horn — definition, frequency, SPL and industrial applications","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven low-frequency sound emitter (typically 60–400 Hz at 140–180 dB SPL) used to dislodge particulate fouling from boilers, ESPs, baghouses and process vessels.",[633,636,639],{"title":634,"url":635},"Power Engineering — Sonic Horns: A User's Introduction","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Fsonic-horns-a-userrsquos-introduction\u002F",{"title":637,"url":638},"Power Engineering — Tuning in to Acoustic Cleaning","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Ftuning-in-to-acoustic-cleaning\u002F",{"title":640,"url":641},"Wikipedia — Sonic soot blowers","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSonic_soot_blowers","glossary\u002Fsonic-horn","YzrhN0kKzqSaQo0wfn0rueNZ-V43mcg5zahqeWi3lnU",1782613756529]