[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1025},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:baghouse":45,"glossary-related:baghouse":191},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":52,"category":62,"description":171,"extension":172,"meta":173,"navigation":174,"path":175,"relatedTerms":176,"seo":182,"sources":185,"stem":189,"term":47,"__hash__":190},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse.md","Baghouse",[49,50,51],"baghouses","bag filter house","dust collector house",{"type":53,"value":54,"toc":164},"minimark",[55,80,85,98,102,105,124,128],[56,57,58,59,63,64,69,70,74,75,79],"p",{},"A ",[60,61,62],"strong",{},"baghouse"," is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, ",[65,66,68],"a",{"href":67},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ftubesheet","tubesheet",", ",[65,71,73],{"href":72},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fplenum-clean-side-dirty-side","plenums"," and hoppers of a ",[65,76,78],{"href":77},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter","fabric-filter"," dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",[81,82,84],"h2",{"id":83},"compartmented-design","Compartmented design",[56,86,87,88,92,93,97],{},"Large industrial baghouses are subdivided into several compartments — each with its own gas-flow damper — so that one compartment can be isolated for offline cleaning or bag replacement while the rest stay online. The standard ",[65,89,91],{"href":90},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse","pulse-jet"," compartment count for utility duty is 8–16; cement and ",[65,94,96],{"href":95},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaste-to-energy","WtE"," baghouses may run 20+.",[81,99,101],{"id":100},"why-sonic-horns-help","Why sonic horns help",[56,103,104],{},"Sonic horns mounted at compartment level address fouling that the primary cleaning system (pulse-jet, reverse-air or shaker) cannot reach:",[106,107,108,112,118,121],"ul",{},[109,110,111],"li",{},"Bag-row dead zones at the back of the compartment",[109,113,114,117],{},[65,115,116],{"href":67},"Tubesheet"," area dust deposits",[109,119,120],{},"Hopper bridging below the bags",[109,122,123],{},"Inlet-plenum dust dropout",[81,125,127],{"id":126},"related-terms","Related terms",[106,129,130,135,140,146,152,158],{},[109,131,132],{},[65,133,134],{"href":77},"Fabric filter",[109,136,137],{},[65,138,139],{"href":90},"Pulse-jet baghouse",[109,141,142],{},[65,143,145],{"href":144},"\u002Fglossary\u002Freverse-air-baghouse","Reverse-air baghouse",[109,147,148],{},[65,149,151],{"href":150},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fshaker-baghouse","Shaker baghouse",[109,153,154],{},[65,155,157],{"href":156},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcompartment-isolation","Compartment isolation",[109,159,160],{},[65,161,163],{"href":162},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","Sonic horn",{"title":165,"searchDepth":166,"depth":166,"links":167},"",2,[168,169,170],{"id":83,"depth":166,"text":84},{"id":100,"depth":166,"text":101},{"id":126,"depth":166,"text":127},"A baghouse is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, tubesheet, plenums and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse",[78,177,178,179,180,181],"pulse-jet-baghouse","reverse-air-baghouse","shaker-baghouse","compartment-isolation","sonic-horn",{"title":183,"description":184},"Baghouse — vessel that houses fabric-filter bags for industrial dust control","A baghouse is the structural enclosure that holds the bags, cages, tubesheet, cleaning system and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. Sized in compartments for online isolation.",[186],{"title":187,"url":188},"Wikipedia — Baghouse","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaghouse","glossary\u002Fbaghouse","TraeRQp5lNGOrkFkwjsoYRrhIIRrMkFonwryXyc1wGw",[192,381,495,611,695,795],{"id":193,"title":134,"aliases":194,"body":198,"category":62,"description":366,"extension":172,"meta":367,"navigation":174,"path":77,"relatedTerms":368,"seo":371,"sources":374,"stem":379,"term":134,"__hash__":380},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter.md",[195,196,197],"fabric filters","bag filter","dust collector (fabric)",{"type":53,"value":199,"toc":361},[200,219,223,307,311,335,337],[56,201,58,202,205,206,210,211,214,215,218],{},[60,203,204],{},"fabric filter"," is an air-pollution-control device that removes particulate from a gas stream by passing the gas through woven or felted fibre media — usually in the form of cylindrical ",[65,207,209],{"href":208},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffilter-bag","filter bags"," — collecting dust as a cake on the bag surface and periodically releasing the cake into a hopper below. Fabric filters are the dominant particulate-control choice on cement plants, ",[65,212,213],{"href":95},"waste-to-energy"," plants, ",[65,216,217],{"href":95},"biomass"," boilers, metallurgical off-gas, food and chemical process exhaust.",[81,220,222],{"id":221},"why-fabric-filters-compete-with-esps","Why fabric filters compete with ESPs",[224,225,226,244],"table",{},[227,228,229],"thead",{},[230,231,232,236,238],"tr",{},[233,234,235],"th",{},"Attribute",[233,237,134],{},[233,239,240],{},[65,241,243],{"href":242},"\u002Fglossary\u002Felectrostatic-precipitator","ESP",[245,246,247,259,274,285,296],"tbody",{},[230,248,249,253,256],{},[250,251,252],"td",{},"Outlet particulate",[250,254,255],{},"\u003C 5 mg\u002FNm³ typical, \u003C 1 mg\u002FNm³ achievable",[250,257,258],{},"10–30 mg\u002FNm³ typical",[230,260,261,268,271],{},[250,262,263,264],{},"Insensitivity to dust ",[65,265,267],{"href":266},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fresistivity","resistivity",[250,269,270],{},"Yes",[250,272,273],{},"No (back-corona risk)",[230,275,276,279,282],{},[250,277,278],{},"Energy consumption",[250,280,281],{},"Higher (ΔP overcomes filter resistance)",[250,283,284],{},"Lower (electrostatic field only)",[230,286,287,290,293],{},[250,288,289],{},"Sensitivity to moisture \u002F dew point",[250,291,292],{},"High",[250,294,295],{},"Lower",[230,297,298,301,304],{},[250,299,300],{},"Footprint",[250,302,303],{},"Typically smaller",[250,305,306],{},"Typically larger",[81,308,310],{"id":309},"where-sonic-horns-fit","Where sonic horns fit",[56,312,313,316,317,319,320,69,322,325,326,329,330,334],{},[65,314,315],{"href":162},"Sonic horns"," installed on a ",[65,318,62],{"href":175}," supplement the primary cleaning system (",[65,321,91],{"href":90},[65,323,324],{"href":144},"reverse-air"," or ",[65,327,328],{"href":150},"shaker",") by reaching dust the primary cleaning misses, reducing ",[65,331,333],{"href":332},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdifferential-pressure-baghouse","differential pressure",", extending bag life and dislodging cake bridging in hoppers below the bags.",[81,336,127],{"id":126},[106,338,339,343,347,352,357],{},[109,340,341],{},[65,342,47],{"href":175},[109,344,345],{},[65,346,139],{"href":90},[109,348,349],{},[65,350,351],{"href":208},"Filter bag",[109,353,354],{},[65,355,356],{"href":332},"Differential pressure (baghouse)",[109,358,359],{},[65,360,163],{"href":162},{"title":165,"searchDepth":166,"depth":166,"links":362},[363,364,365],{"id":221,"depth":166,"text":222},{"id":309,"depth":166,"text":310},{"id":126,"depth":166,"text":127},"A fabric filter is an air-pollution-control device that removes particulate from a gas stream by passing the gas through woven or felted fibre media — usually in the form of cylindrical filter bags — collecting dust as a cake on the bag surface and periodically releasing the cake into a hopper below. Fabric filters are the dominant particulate-control choice on cement plants, waste-to-energy plants, biomass boilers, metallurgical off-gas, food and chemical process exhaust.",{},[62,177,178,369,181,370],"filter-bag","differential-pressure-baghouse",{"title":372,"description":373},"Fabric filter — principle, types and acoustic-cleaning benefits","A fabric filter removes particulate from a gas stream by passing it through woven or felted bag media. Sonic horns supplement primary cleaning and reduce differential pressure.",[375,376],{"title":187,"url":188},{"title":377,"url":378},"Micronics — Sonic Horns for Baghouses","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.micronicsinc.com\u002Fdry-baghouse-filtration\u002Fparts\u002Fbaghouse-accessories\u002Fsonic-horns\u002F","glossary\u002Ffabric-filter","8AjQCKacGq0ZjbUhSjLFzVTtXfqr32f0IVjT2bihoZo",{"id":382,"title":139,"aliases":383,"body":387,"category":62,"description":483,"extension":172,"meta":484,"navigation":174,"path":90,"relatedTerms":485,"seo":487,"sources":490,"stem":493,"term":139,"__hash__":494},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse.md",[384,385,386],"pulse jet baghouse","pulse-jet filter","PJBH",{"type":53,"value":388,"toc":478},[389,402,406,425,429,432,446,453,455],[56,390,58,391,394,395,397,398,401],{},[60,392,393],{},"pulse-jet baghouse"," is a ",[65,396,204],{"href":77}," design in which each ",[65,399,400],{"href":208},"filter bag"," is cleaned by a brief, high-pressure pulse of compressed air directed downwards into the open top of the bag. The pulse momentarily reverses the gas flow through the bag wall, dislodges the dust cake, and lets it fall into the hopper. Pulse-jet is the dominant industrial baghouse design for new installations.",[81,403,405],{"id":404},"how-a-pulse-jet-cycle-runs","How a pulse-jet cycle runs",[56,407,408,409,411,412,414,415,419,420,424],{},"Solenoid valves on a manifold above the ",[65,410,68],{"href":67}," fire one row at a time, typically every 1–10 minutes during normal operation, more often when ",[65,413,333],{"href":332}," climbs. Pulse duration is 100–300 ms at 4–7 bar. The cleaning is ",[416,417,418],"em",{},"online",": the rest of the baghouse continues filtering during each pulse. See ",[65,421,423],{"href":422},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-cleaning-cycle","pulse-jet cleaning cycle",".",[81,426,428],{"id":427},"where-pulse-jet-underperforms","Where pulse-jet underperforms",[56,430,431],{},"Pulse-jet cleaning is highly effective on the bag surface directly under the venturi nozzle, but weaker on:",[106,433,434,437,440,443],{},[109,435,436],{},"Bag rows at the back of the compartment, furthest from the manifold",[109,438,439],{},"The top and bottom inches of each bag where the pulse loses momentum",[109,441,442],{},"Tubesheet area between rows where airborne dust resettles",[109,444,445],{},"Compartment hoppers, which the pulse cannot reach at all",[56,447,448,449,452],{},"Adding ",[65,450,451],{"href":162},"sonic horns"," at the compartment roof and at the hopper wall closes these gaps, reducing total compressed-air consumption per kg of dust cleaned and extending bag life.",[81,454,127],{"id":126},[106,456,457,461,465,470,474],{},[109,458,459],{},[65,460,47],{"href":175},[109,462,463],{},[65,464,351],{"href":208},[109,466,467],{},[65,468,469],{"href":422},"Pulse-jet cleaning cycle",[109,471,472],{},[65,473,356],{"href":332},[109,475,476],{},[65,477,163],{"href":162},{"title":165,"searchDepth":166,"depth":166,"links":479},[480,481,482],{"id":404,"depth":166,"text":405},{"id":427,"depth":166,"text":428},{"id":126,"depth":166,"text":127},"A pulse-jet baghouse is a fabric filter design in which each filter bag is cleaned by a brief, high-pressure pulse of compressed air directed downwards into the open top of the bag. The pulse momentarily reverses the gas flow through the bag wall, dislodges the dust cake, and lets it fall into the hopper. Pulse-jet is the dominant industrial baghouse design for new installations.",{},[62,369,486,370,181],"pulse-jet-cleaning-cycle",{"title":488,"description":489},"Pulse-jet baghouse — short reverse-pulse cleaning while online","A pulse-jet baghouse cleans bags with brief, high-pressure reverse-air pulses while staying on-line. The dominant industrial fabric-filter design for new installations.",[491,492],{"title":187,"url":188},{"title":377,"url":378},"glossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse","oII2ot9x7DDD5B_k0HtTsFgDF5ZIGi7x0O0Qc826Jlo",{"id":496,"title":145,"aliases":497,"body":500,"category":62,"description":598,"extension":172,"meta":599,"navigation":174,"path":144,"relatedTerms":600,"seo":601,"sources":604,"stem":609,"term":145,"__hash__":610},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Freverse-air-baghouse.md",[498,499],"reverse air baghouse","RA baghouse",{"type":53,"value":501,"toc":593},[502,511,515,561,565,573,575],[56,503,58,504,507,508,510],{},[60,505,506],{},"reverse-air baghouse"," cleans its ",[65,509,209],{"href":208}," by isolating one compartment at a time from the main gas flow and forcing low-pressure clean air through the bags in the reverse direction. The reverse flow gently collapses the cake from the bag surface, which then falls into the hopper. Reverse-air design is common on coal-fired utility-boiler baghouses and on older industrial installations.",[81,512,514],{"id":513},"strengths-and-weaknesses","Strengths and weaknesses",[224,516,517,527],{},[227,518,519],{},[230,520,521,524],{},[233,522,523],{},"Strength",[233,525,526],{},"Weakness",[245,528,529,537,545,553],{},[230,530,531,534],{},[250,532,533],{},"Gentle cleaning extends bag life",[250,535,536],{},"Compartment must be offline during cleaning",[230,538,539,542],{},[250,540,541],{},"Low compressed-air consumption",[250,543,544],{},"Requires a larger total bag area for the same duty",[230,546,547,550],{},[250,548,549],{},"Tolerates long fibreglass bags",[250,551,552],{},"Slower cleaning cycle",[230,554,555,558],{},[250,556,557],{},"Lower bag wear than pulse-jet",[250,559,560],{},"Cleaning intensity not easily varied",[81,562,564],{"id":563},"where-sonic-horns-help","Where sonic horns help",[56,566,567,568,570,571,424],{},"The gentle nature of reverse-air cleaning leaves residual cake that gradually accumulates over time. ",[65,569,315],{"href":162}," mounted at the compartment roof break up the residual cake without the bag wear of more aggressive primary cleaning, defer the need for offline manual cleaning and reduce average ",[65,572,333],{"href":332},[81,574,127],{"id":126},[106,576,577,581,585,589],{},[109,578,579],{},[65,580,47],{"href":175},[109,582,583],{},[65,584,351],{"href":208},[109,586,587],{},[65,588,157],{"href":156},[109,590,591],{},[65,592,163],{"href":162},{"title":165,"searchDepth":166,"depth":166,"links":594},[595,596,597],{"id":513,"depth":166,"text":514},{"id":563,"depth":166,"text":564},{"id":126,"depth":166,"text":127},"A reverse-air baghouse cleans its filter bags by isolating one compartment at a time from the main gas flow and forcing low-pressure clean air through the bags in the reverse direction. The reverse flow gently collapses the cake from the bag surface, which then falls into the hopper. Reverse-air design is common on coal-fired utility-boiler baghouses and on older industrial installations.",{},[62,369,180,181],{"title":602,"description":603},"Reverse-air baghouse — offline compartment cleaning with low-pressure flow","A reverse-air baghouse cleans bags by isolating a compartment and passing low-pressure clean air through the bags in the reverse direction. Common on coal-fired utility duty.",[605,606],{"title":187,"url":188},{"title":607,"url":608},"Neundorfer — Sonic Horns to Enhance RA & Shaker Cleaning","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.neundorfer.com\u002Fknowledge-base\u002Fsonic-horns-to-enhance-ra-shaker-cleaning\u002F","glossary\u002Freverse-air-baghouse","p4ieVvZkXENtxj82QpCOylgn5v4YyCV30-4Gs7cy1JE",{"id":612,"title":151,"aliases":613,"body":616,"category":62,"description":684,"extension":172,"meta":685,"navigation":174,"path":150,"relatedTerms":686,"seo":687,"sources":690,"stem":693,"term":151,"__hash__":694},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fshaker-baghouse.md",[614,615],"shaker filter","mechanical shaker baghouse",{"type":53,"value":617,"toc":679},[618,629,633,647,651,659,661],[56,619,58,620,507,623,625,626,628],{},[60,621,622],{},"shaker baghouse",[65,624,209],{"href":208}," by mechanically shaking the bag-support frame during a compartment-offline cycle. The shake action flexes the bag fabric, cracks the cake and lets it fall into the hopper. Shaker design is a legacy technology still used on smaller industrial duty (machining shop dust collection, light foundry exhaust, light cement applications) but largely displaced for new installations by ",[65,627,91],{"href":90}," designs.",[81,630,632],{"id":631},"limitations","Limitations",[106,634,635,638,641,644],{},[109,636,637],{},"High mechanical wear on bag attachments, fabric and shaker motors",[109,639,640],{},"Slow cleaning cycle, requires compartment isolation",[109,642,643],{},"Limited filtration capacity per footprint",[109,645,646],{},"Difficult to scale to large industrial throughput",[81,648,650],{"id":649},"why-sonic-horns-help-on-shaker-baghouses","Why sonic horns help on shaker baghouses",[56,652,653,654,656,657,424],{},"Shaker cleaning is fundamentally gentle and uneven, leaving cake residue between cycles. ",[65,655,315],{"href":162}," supplement the shake action without adding mechanical wear, improve cleaning consistency across the bag rows and reduce overall ",[65,658,333],{"href":332},[81,660,127],{"id":126},[106,662,663,667,671,675],{},[109,664,665],{},[65,666,47],{"href":175},[109,668,669],{},[65,670,351],{"href":208},[109,672,673],{},[65,674,157],{"href":156},[109,676,677],{},[65,678,163],{"href":162},{"title":165,"searchDepth":166,"depth":166,"links":680},[681,682,683],{"id":631,"depth":166,"text":632},{"id":649,"depth":166,"text":650},{"id":126,"depth":166,"text":127},"A shaker baghouse cleans its filter bags by mechanically shaking the bag-support frame during a compartment-offline cycle. The shake action flexes the bag fabric, cracks the cake and lets it fall into the hopper. Shaker design is a legacy technology still used on smaller industrial duty (machining shop dust collection, light foundry exhaust, light cement applications) but largely displaced for new installations by pulse-jet designs.",{},[62,369,180,181],{"title":688,"description":689},"Shaker baghouse — mechanical bag-shaking dust collector","A shaker baghouse cleans bags by mechanically shaking the bag-support frame during compartment-offline cycles. Legacy design still common on light industrial duty.",[691,692],{"title":187,"url":188},{"title":607,"url":608},"glossary\u002Fshaker-baghouse","-kHviFn-6jRIteS8J4e1okgqwijwfO3wWxpbYyNN7lo",{"id":696,"title":157,"aliases":697,"body":700,"category":62,"description":785,"extension":172,"meta":786,"navigation":174,"path":156,"relatedTerms":787,"seo":788,"sources":791,"stem":793,"term":157,"__hash__":794},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fcompartment-isolation.md",[698,699],"isolated compartment","offline compartment",{"type":53,"value":701,"toc":780},[702,716,720,741,745,760,762],[56,703,704,706,707,709,710,712,713,715],{},[60,705,157],{}," is the procedure of closing the inlet and outlet dampers on a single ",[65,708,62],{"href":175}," compartment so that compartment can be cleaned, inspected or have bags replaced while the rest of the baghouse continues to filter. It is a defining design feature of multi-compartment baghouses and the operational rhythm of ",[65,711,324],{"href":144}," and ",[65,714,328],{"href":150}," cleaning systems.",[81,717,719],{"id":718},"routine-vs-maintenance-isolation","Routine vs maintenance isolation",[106,721,722,728],{},[109,723,724,727],{},[60,725,726],{},"Routine isolation"," — part of the normal reverse-air or shaker cleaning cycle; each compartment is briefly isolated for cleaning then returned online",[109,729,730,733,734,737,738,740],{},[60,731,732],{},"Maintenance isolation"," — extended isolation for inspection, ",[65,735,736],{"href":208},"bag"," replacement, ",[65,739,68],{"href":67}," repair or hopper de-bridging; the compartment is locked out and tagged out per plant procedure",[81,742,744],{"id":743},"implications-for-the-other-compartments","Implications for the other compartments",[56,746,747,748,712,752,756,757,759],{},"When one compartment is isolated, total gas flow is redistributed across the remaining online compartments. The effective ",[65,749,751],{"href":750},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fair-to-cloth-ratio","air-to-cloth ratio",[65,753,755],{"href":754},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcan-velocity","can velocity"," both rise, and ",[65,758,333],{"href":332}," climbs proportionally. Multi-compartment baghouses are sized so that the remaining compartments can carry the full duty during planned isolations.",[81,761,127],{"id":126},[106,763,764,768,772,776],{},[109,765,766],{},[65,767,47],{"href":175},[109,769,770],{},[65,771,145],{"href":144},[109,773,774],{},[65,775,151],{"href":150},[109,777,778],{},[65,779,351],{"href":208},{"title":165,"searchDepth":166,"depth":166,"links":781},[782,783,784],{"id":718,"depth":166,"text":719},{"id":743,"depth":166,"text":744},{"id":126,"depth":166,"text":127},"Compartment isolation is the procedure of closing the inlet and outlet dampers on a single baghouse compartment so that compartment can be cleaned, inspected or have bags replaced while the rest of the baghouse continues to filter. It is a defining design feature of multi-compartment baghouses and the operational rhythm of reverse-air and shaker cleaning systems.",{},[62,178,179,369],{"title":789,"description":790},"Compartment isolation — taking one baghouse compartment offline","Compartment isolation is the procedure of closing inlet and outlet dampers on one baghouse compartment so it can be cleaned or have bags replaced while the rest stays online.",[792],{"title":187,"url":188},"glossary\u002Fcompartment-isolation","eoA8ZSp8BBpMevfDx-l9ZBSdhneKGdu1Lr2As9DLsyE",{"id":796,"title":163,"aliases":797,"body":800,"category":1000,"description":1001,"extension":172,"meta":1002,"navigation":174,"path":162,"relatedTerms":1003,"seo":1010,"sources":1013,"stem":1023,"term":163,"__hash__":1024},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn.md",[451,798,799],"sonic cleaning horn","industrial sonic horn",{"type":53,"value":801,"toc":993},[802,830,834,842,846,908,912,949,953,961,963],[56,803,58,804,807,808,812,813,69,816,69,818,69,822,712,826,424],{},[60,805,806],{},"sonic horn"," is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of ",[65,809,811],{"href":810},"\u002Fglossary\u002Facoustic-cleaner","acoustic cleaner"," and the default specification for cleaning ",[65,814,815],{"href":242},"ESPs",[65,817,49],{"href":77},[65,819,821],{"href":820},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fselective-catalytic-reduction","SCR catalysts",[65,823,825],{"href":824},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsuperheater","boiler heat-transfer surfaces",[65,827,829],{"href":828},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhopper","hoppers and silos",[81,831,833],{"id":832},"how-a-sonic-horn-works","How a sonic horn works",[56,835,836,837,841],{},"Compressed plant air admitted through a ",[65,838,840],{"href":839},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsolenoid-valve","solenoid valve"," drives a metal diaphragm — typically titanium or 316 stainless — into resonant oscillation at the horn's fundamental frequency. The oscillating pressure field is amplified by an exponential bell horn and projected into the vessel as a near-spherical sound wave. Particulate already deposited on internal surfaces receives an oscillating acceleration that overcomes adhesion; loosened material is then carried out with the gas flow before it can sinter, bridge or bond. Because the cleaning is acoustic and non-contact, the horn can fire while the plant is online without tube erosion, refractory damage or thermal shock.",[81,843,845],{"id":844},"key-parameters","Key parameters",[224,847,848,858],{},[227,849,850],{},[230,851,852,855],{},[233,853,854],{},"Parameter",[233,856,857],{},"Typical range",[245,859,860,868,876,884,892,900],{},[230,861,862,865],{},[250,863,864],{},"Fundamental frequency",[250,866,867],{},"60–400 Hz",[230,869,870,873],{},[250,871,872],{},"Sound pressure level",[250,874,875],{},"140–180 dB",[230,877,878,881],{},[250,879,880],{},"Compressed-air consumption",[250,882,883],{},"8–14 Nm³\u002Fmin at 4–7 bar",[230,885,886,889],{},[250,887,888],{},"Operating temperature (with appropriate materials)",[250,890,891],{},"−40 °C to +500 °C",[230,893,894,897],{},[250,895,896],{},"Firing cycle",[250,898,899],{},"5–15 s burst, repeated every 3–15 minutes",[230,901,902,905],{},[250,903,904],{},"Mass",[250,906,907],{},"15–60 kg depending on horn size",[81,909,911],{"id":910},"frequency-selection","Frequency selection",[56,913,914,915,69,919,923,924,69,928,932,933,69,936,940,941,712,945,424],{},"Lower frequencies (60–125 Hz) project longer wavelengths and penetrate further into large open vessels — ",[65,916,918],{"href":917},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpreheater-cyclone","preheater cyclones",[65,920,922],{"href":921},"\u002Fglossary\u002Frecovery-boiler","recovery-boiler superheaters",", large ",[65,925,927],{"href":926},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fesp-field-bus-section","ESP fields",[65,929,931],{"href":930},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsilo","silos",". Higher frequencies (230–400 Hz) carry more energy per unit volume and suit finer dust loads in ",[65,934,935],{"href":77},"fabric-filter compartments",[65,937,939],{"href":938},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhoneycomb-catalyst","catalyst layers"," and smaller hopper geometries. See ",[65,942,944],{"href":943},"\u002Fglossary\u002Flow-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","low-frequency acoustic cleaner",[65,946,948],{"href":947},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fhigh-frequency-acoustic-cleaner","high-frequency acoustic cleaner",[81,950,952],{"id":951},"sonic-horn-vs-steam-sootblower","Sonic horn vs steam sootblower",[56,954,955,956,960],{},"Sonic horns are increasingly specified alongside or in place of ",[65,957,959],{"href":958},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsteam-sootblower","steam sootblowers"," because they consume no boiler-grade steam, cause no tube erosion, require almost no moving parts and can fire every few minutes without operator intervention. They are less effective on hard, fused slag than retractable steam lances, so on furnace waterwalls and high-temperature superheaters they typically complement rather than replace mechanical cleaning.",[81,962,127],{"id":126},[106,964,965,970,976,982,988],{},[109,966,967],{},[65,968,969],{"href":810},"Acoustic cleaner",[109,971,972],{},[65,973,975],{"href":974},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-sootblower","Sonic sootblower",[109,977,978],{},[65,979,981],{"href":980},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbell-horn","Bell horn",[109,983,984],{},[65,985,987],{"href":986},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdiaphragm-horn","Diaphragm horn",[109,989,990],{},[65,991,992],{"href":943},"Low-frequency acoustic cleaner",{"title":165,"searchDepth":166,"depth":166,"links":994},[995,996,997,998,999],{"id":832,"depth":166,"text":833},{"id":844,"depth":166,"text":845},{"id":910,"depth":166,"text":911},{"id":951,"depth":166,"text":952},{"id":126,"depth":166,"text":127},"core-technology","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven sound emitter that produces high-intensity, low-frequency sound waves — typically between 60 and 400 Hz at sound pressure levels of 140 to 180 dB — used to dislodge particulate fouling from inside industrial process equipment. Sonic horns are the most common form of acoustic cleaner and the default specification for cleaning ESPs, baghouses, SCR catalysts, boiler heat-transfer surfaces and hoppers and silos.",{},[1004,1005,1006,1007,1008,1009],"acoustic-cleaner","acoustic-cleaning-system","sonic-sootblower","bell-horn","diaphragm-horn","low-frequency-acoustic-cleaner",{"title":1011,"description":1012},"Sonic horn — definition, frequency, SPL and industrial applications","A sonic horn is a pneumatically-driven low-frequency sound emitter (typically 60–400 Hz at 140–180 dB SPL) used to dislodge particulate fouling from boilers, ESPs, baghouses and process vessels.",[1014,1017,1020],{"title":1015,"url":1016},"Power Engineering — Sonic Horns: A User's Introduction","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Fsonic-horns-a-userrsquos-introduction\u002F",{"title":1018,"url":1019},"Power Engineering — Tuning in to Acoustic Cleaning","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.power-eng.com\u002Fcoal\u002Ftuning-in-to-acoustic-cleaning\u002F",{"title":1021,"url":1022},"Wikipedia — Sonic soot blowers","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSonic_soot_blowers","glossary\u002Fsonic-horn","YzrhN0kKzqSaQo0wfn0rueNZ-V43mcg5zahqeWi3lnU",1782613719268]